Acrylic Dispersion
Acrylic dispersions can be used as a component of polishing pastes and polishing waxes [171, which are subject to very high requirements — ease of application, good drying ability, high gloss, etc. With high adhesion to the base, they should not be slippery or sticky. Accidentally spilled water and other liquids should not penetrate the resulting film, but should be easily removed with water, soap or a wetting agent. Very thin dispersions of polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate and polymethacrylic acid in combination with wax emulsions, water-soluble alkyd resins or polystyrene dispersions are suitable for mastics. The polymers that form the dispersion are selected so that in terms of hardness they are just at the boundary of the film-forming ability.
Acrylic dispersions are sometimes introduced into polishing pastes for furniture, leather, shoes.
Acrylic dispersions give concrete water resistance; they are used as a primer for the internal painting of walls, for the manufacture of water-based paints, as well as for the impregnation of porous building materials.
Acrylic dispersions are successfully used for the manufacture of aqueous putties, adhesives for adhesive tapes, sealants and hot melt adhesives.
Acrylic dispersions are used to waterproof concrete, as a primer for interior painting of walls and for impregnation of porous building materials.
Non-aqueous acrylic dispersions for paints and varnishes are developed.
Based on acrylic dispersions, foamed adhesives are obtained for the manufacture of pile products.
In the leather industry, acrylic dispersions are used, firstly, to finish the surface of the skin and, secondly, when processing waste from cutting and cutting. The film coating must be sufficiently flexible and at the same time hard and solvent-resistant nitro-lacquers. Partially crosslinked polymers with high resistance to cracking, solvents and low temperatures are very suitable for skin primers. To obtain the upper layers, harder, non-sticky dispersions of acrylic copolymers are used. If necessary, they are added pigments, a small amount of alcohol, which facilitates the penetration of dispersions into oily skin, and sometimes wax emulsions, which improve the abrasion resistance and reduce the stickiness of the coating when ironing. Relatively light leathers used for the manufacture of haberdashery goods are finished with soft polymers of lower acrylic esters, and harder film coatings are applied to heavier leathers.
The adhesives on some acrylic dispersions have a completely unique water resistance.
For finishing fabrics with indelible sizing, acrylic dispersions are often used together with drying oils.
Mechanized methods for applying and aligning coatings on fabric. L - a cleaning knife on the roll. In - a cleaning knife on the substrate. C - application with a roller and cleaning brushes. D - application by tape and air blowing through a slotted mouthpiece. The use of acrylic dispersions for surface finishing of fibrous materials in the manufacture of artificial kszhi (with a base from textiles or fleece) and for finishing fabrics with indelible sizing has become extremely widespread. With equal success, it is possible to trim light and heavy, dyed and printed fabrics both from synthetic fibers and cotton, from artificial silk, fiberglass and linen. Obtaining fabrics with a smooth surface involves the use of a base without defects and nodules. For greater adhesion of the coating to the base, the fabric should be desalted before finishing. The coating is usually applied in several stages. Cleaning knives can be made of metal, glass or plastic, and the shape of their cutting edges, the slope and pressure on the processed material determines the thickness of the coating.
To obtain coatings on fabrics, low-viscosity acrylic dispersions are usually used based on various copolymers selected depending on the desired film hardness. To facilitate the coating process and strictly maintain their predetermined thickness, polymer dispersions are recommended to be used in the form of a paste, which is prepared by adding thickeners of water-soluble acrylic polymers.
In industry, it is also practiced to finish the back of carpets with acrylic dispersions, which ideally strengthen the bond of fibers and prevent the carpet from slipping on a smooth floor.
The disadvantages of acrylic adhesives include their characteristic smell characteristic of acrylic dispersions. To eliminate it, specially selected deodorants are used.
Density determines how many times the material is heavier or lighter than water at 4 ° C and the same volume. Graffiti originally meant text written on a wall. Today it is usually called pictures illegally or lawfully painted by young people using spray paints. As an inscription above these images, it also implies murals and political graffiti, which are part of street art.
A coating that prevents the penetration of stain ingredients from the substrate. Insulating soil is often called an insulating coating. For effective coating of nicotine stains, coloring components of wood, soot, oil, rust, water stains, etc.
Typically, polymerizations tend to introduce a minimum amount of stabilizer into the system, but large quantities of stabilizers can be used in emulsion polymerization in non-aqueous media. For example, to obtain an acrylic dispersion, up to 20% alkyd resin is used as a stabilizer. Such a system is a combination of dispersion and solution.
The effect of the amount of toluene in DMMA-65GP latex on the strength at V. peeling of PVC film compounds with pine wood. The strength of the wood compounds with a uniform separation on this glue is 1 MPa. In addition to protein substances, a thickener of latex DMMA can also be a PVA dispersion; accordingly, the PVA dispersion thickens well with DMMA. Often acrylic dispersions are developed specifically for thickening other adhesives. It is effective in a wide range of pH, is resistant to salts, bio-resistant, thickened adhesives are stable over time.
Aqueous emulsion paints (GOST 20833 - 75) - suspensions of pigments and fillers in aqueous dispersed synthetic polymers with the addition of an emulsifier, stabilizer and other auxiliary substances. Designed for outdoor work on concrete, wood and metal surfaces. Five grades are produced: E - AK-111 - manufactured on the basis of a copolymer of acrylic dispersion: E - VA-17 - polyvinyl acetate dispersion; E - BC-17 - copolymer of vnepilacetate with dibutplemaleinate; E - BC-114 - copolymer of vinnla cetate with ethylene; E - KCh-112 - styrene-butadiene latex.
Aqueous emulsion paints (GOST 20833 - 75) - suspensions of pigments and fillers in aqueous dispersed synthetic polymers with the addition of an emulsifier, stabilizer and other auxiliary substances. Designed for outdoor work on concrete, wood and metal surfaces. Five grades are produced: E - AK-Sh - made on the basis of a copolymer of acrylic dispersion: E - VA-17 - polyvinyl acetate dispersion; E - BC-17 - a copolymer of vinyl acetate with dibutyl maleate; E - BC-114 - a copolymer of dried apatite with ethylene; E - KCh-112 - styrene-butadiene latex.
When choosing the type of polymer, first of all, its ability to perceive a lot of pigment is taken into account. To apply a picture (pattern), preheated paper with a dried film is passed between the embossing rolls of the calender. Using acrylic dispersions, moisture-resistant colored paper is produced for bookbinding and decorative purposes. Abroad, a significant amount of decorative paper, finished with acrylic resins, is used for the manufacture of wallpapers that are distinguished by water and color fastness.
Dependence of the strength during peeling of compounds of a latex film with glass (/, / and cellophane (2, Y on the amount of emulsifier - potassium oleate (/, 2 and potassium drezinate (/, 2, introduced into DMMA-60-2 latex. If the emulsifier is incompatible with polymer, then during the coalescence of polymer latex particles it is released on their surface and prevents the formation of a continuous and homogeneous film, however, if the substrate is porous and can absorb emulsifiers, protective colloids and other substances that do not dissolve in it during film formation, then they can image in this case, the best conditions are provided for the adhesive interaction of latex particles with the substrate and their full coalescence. Thus, when applying the acrylic dispersion BM-12 to glass and paper in the first case, the coating retains the globular structure characteristic of dispersions , and a more uniform and homogeneous film forms on paper.
Too short fibers do not lend themselves well, and too long fibers lead to the formation of nodes. In the roll, the pulp is brought to the desired dry matter content (2 5 - 3 0%) with a pH of 7 5n - 8 0, then polyacrylic dispersion is added to it in an amount of 20% for light skin and 35 - n40% for haberdashery. After stirring, the dispersed binder coagulates on the skin fibers with the addition of 59b aluminum sulfate. The mass is dehydrated on a sieve by suction and pressed into sheets under a specific pressure of 30 - 35 kgf / cm2 and elevated temperature. Sheets can be colored in bulk by introducing water-soluble dyes into the initial mixture, or additionally finished by applying acrylic dispersions with pigments on them.
So far, three types of polymers have been used in the form of aqueous dispersions, the oldest of which are styrene-butadiene. Due to the presence of internal butadiene plasticizer in the latter, they form films even at low temperatures, however, the presence of double bonds significantly reduces the resistance of the film coating to oxidation and the action of light and limits the use of these dispersions to obtain external coatings. Their main drawback should be considered that at normal temperature they are not capable of forming a continuous film and therefore require the addition of plasticizers, due to the volatility and migration of which the film quickly ages and becomes brittle. In addition, vinyl acetate is prone to saponification. Acrylic dispersions are free from virtually all of these drawbacks and at the same time retain all the advantages of dispersed latex coatings. Acrylates begin to show the film-forming ability at almost 0 ° C, and the resulting films are characterized by sufficient mechanical strength, as well as high light and weather resistance. Water latexes have the following advantages: they do not burn and have no smell, dry quickly, are easy to use, the tools used are quickly cleaned of them, they allow the use of water as a diluent, they give washable coatings and are physiologically harmless.
The valuable properties of polyacrylates are their transparency and colorlessness. So, polymethyl methacrylate transmits over 99% of sunlight and about 85% of ultraviolet rays. However, polymethyl methacrylate glasses, compared with mineral ones, have lower surface hardness and lower abrasion resistance. Polyacrylates are easily painted in various colors. Polymethylmethacrylate is used for glazing greenhouses and greenhouses, the manufacture of decorative fences, washable wallpaper, emulsions for paints and primers. Acrylic dispersions are used to waterproof concrete and to impregnate porous building materials. In addition, methacrylic polymers with high thermal and chemical resistance are used in the production of pipes.
The green color of the copper sheet elements is due to the effects of rain, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. The finish is that using an elastic spatula, smoothing knives, etc. putty is applied to the wall and is formed without welds and smooth surfaces. A suitable base for the first layer of putty is a primer filled with quartz sand. The layers applied in the transverse direction provide a smooth porcelain surface. Often different layers are created in different shades to immediately see how many layers fit.
Acrylic Dispersion
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Coatings, where acrylic dispersion is used as a binder, have good weather resistance, vapor permeability, elasticity, and this makes them indispensable in varnishes, enamels, wood paints. Good adhesion to various substrates makes this binder literally universal. High cost is the only drawback compared to other binders. This is due to the high cost of raw acrylic monomers.
The filler technique also includes layers with a fine texture and glaze. To increase the smoothness of the surface of the surface layer, it is often used for wax and polished to a high gloss. Humidifiers that absorb moisture from the air have hygroscopic properties, such as various salts.
Materials or surfaces that can be easily moistened with water. To reduce water absorption, the absorbent surfaces of building elements are treated with hydrophobic agents, such as silicone impregnations, to obtain a hydrophobic surface. In dispersion paints, these agents are partially used to reduce material wear in the layer.
Technology
We work with oil paint
If you have to work with oil paint, then be sure to take advantage of the useful recommendations given by painting professionals
What to choose, paint, varnish, azure?
The final factor when choosing will be the level of humidity. People started painting window frames in different colors 2 centuries ago
Materials or surfaces that cannot be wetted with water at all. Colloidal solutions with very small particles. Plastic dispersions in the form of hydrosols are used as high-quality aqueous primers because very small particles penetrate deep into the substrate.
Fixing porous building materials such as clinker, concrete, wood, for example, by applying a film-free material based on silicone or silane to achieve a hydrophobic surface. A substance that reduces the rate of a chemical reaction or completely prevents it, for example, an anticorrosive composition that prevents rusting.
Remove old oil paint: ways
Starting repair, many are faced with the choice: to clean off old paint or to restore the ceiling or walls on top of it
Removing old paint from window frames
Many had to deal with the problem of removing old paint from window frames. This is a difficult task, especially when several thick layers of enamel are applied to the tree
An insecticide is a substance that is used to kill insects and their early stages of development. Insecticides are used in agriculture to protect stocks and materials, and in the field of hygiene. Insecticides usually act on the nervous system of insects like a neurotoxin.
Irregular small openings on the concrete surface of the facade. Shrinkage cavities arise due to the inclusion of air bubbles during concreting. The distribution of moisture in the masonry is due to the capillarity of the building materials. Capillary permeability depends on the size of the capillaries. The smaller the pores, the greater the capillary absorption and the higher the water can rise in the wall, the deeper the penetrating or impregnating substances penetrate into the substrate.
Prepare texture paint yourself
Initially, sand was added to the paint for texture decoration of the ceiling and to hide drywall defects. Today, texture paints are used on walls and ceilings to give them a unique design.
What paint to choose for painting a concrete floor?
Concrete is a material whose main distinguishing feature is increased mechanical strength
The concept of curing calcium hydroxide by absorbing carbon dioxide from the air. In addition, when curing concrete, carbonation provides the ultimate strength of the material. In the case of reinforced concrete, it is necessary to minimize carbonation in order to avoid structural damage. This is achieved by coating products that inhibit the penetration of carbon dioxide.
Accelerator or initiator of chemical reactions, for example, desiccants in oil-alkyd paints. Glue is an adhesive that mainly consists of starch. Trade is offered only in powder form. To work with it, first mix it with water. Later it takes time to pump. Sticks can be made with boiling flour or potato starch in water.