Edible mushrooms of the Khabarovsk Territory. Quiet hunting. Amazing mushrooms of the Far East

All this together with an increase in biotechnological knowledge, which allows us to offer a wide range of fungal species every day, of higher quality and regardless of climatic conditions. This technology allows to diversify agricultural operations, reduces production costs, optimizing production and assembly systems.

It tends to use substrates that produce mushrooms that are more nutritious, safer and with better organoleptic properties, at the expense of raw materials and by-products that are optimal and environmentally friendly. These substrates, grain, feed and lignocellulosic residues can be reused as feed, fertilizer, etc. and increase the value added of environmentally friendly activities that, from an environmental point of view, should not generate any type of waste.

Cultivation of edible mushrooms represents the following advantages against wild. Avoid the risk of mushroom poisoning, as this is a monospecific controlled culture. The absence of heavy metals and other contaminants of cultivated fungi using suitable substrates. Because wild mushrooms tend to accumulate harmful heavy metals, which in many cases are present in the environment. No dirt, dirt, or other foreign matter such as insect larvae. Cultivated mushrooms do not contain pests or larvae, so they offer the advantages of a better presentation and a longer preservation time, since they are not eaten by the larvae, which allows the processing of agricultural waste by-products, turning into high-value products. and at a good price, creating a substrate after cultivating mushrooms that can be used in animal feed or as fertilizer for fertilizer.

• Increased regularity of production.
• Production in any area and without the use of agricultural land.

Cultivation of mushrooms Observation of the fact that some edible mushrooms spontaneously grew on some organic materials during decomposition, and the possibility of obtaining valuable food made the technique for its improvement. In addition, in the Greek and Latin literature there are references to the cultivation of mushrooms. It remains to solve the problems in the control of biological, technical and economic factors. - Named fungus genera corresponding to edible species, cultivated or with the ability to do so in the near future, can be classified according to their habitat and substrate. Ustilago with edible parasitic species of corn cobs; Some of them are considered well edible in some areas, but not in others. - Indispensable for careful examination of copies, to distinguish them from toxic species. - Wild edible mushrooms, as well as those cultivated for the purpose of industrialization for human food, are included in the composition of ascomycetes and basidiomycetes. Cultivation of mushrooms The most valuable for their taste are the orders of Pezizalez and Tuberals, which include the Morcella and Tyubera genera. They are usually dark, although some ascocarpes are clear. Direct: sowing spores, fragments of occult fruit bearing bodies of mycelium in oak forests, contributing to their development around these trees forming mycorrhiza. Indirect: the natural spread of the fungus by planting small oaks obtained from seedlings and acorns from forests, where truffles are usually grown or inoculated with mycelium and truffle spores. The collection method is carried out through pigs or truffle dogs due to the smell. Some people discover this by changing the color in the vegetation and the special aroma. Thus, millions of tons of mushrooms are produced annually. According to this species, it is necessary to observe and control a number of parameters: - physical factors: industrial mycelium; - the temperature of the pleurot is higher; - grain straw lighting. - Chemical factors Substrate Humidity - Environmental factors Industrial bag of mycelium Ventilation of cereal grains. Growth factors Pluratus industrial mycelium on millet grains. Suitable means for growing mushrooms-Warehouse: for raw materials, without dust and with low humidity. - Salatization room: with autoclave, oven or pasteurization tunnel for sterilization of substrates. - Planting room: with the highest purity environment. Cultivation methods Not all fungi have the same behavior in their growth: some grow to form shelves, others deform the large pineapples of many kafofors, others grow alone, and some only vertically. The Romans had already cultivated Agrosibe agerita on tree stumps. It is the second most produced mushroom in the world. Logs are used that are well cleaned, and holes are made every 15 cm for inoculation, which are sealed with chewing paper to avoid contamination. Opponent, animating and helpful in lowering cholesterol levels. It can not be swallowed, because it has a means to remove toxins. Its substrate is rice straw mounds and vegetable stands, to which cow dung can be added. It is incubated for 1 week and harvested over the next 2 weeks. It is the 3rd most cultivated mushroom in the world, but its cultivation is limited to Southeast Asia: China, India, Southeast Asia, and also Africa. Enabono cultivated consists of wood dust and rice bran. This is in accordance with the natural fruiting of lumberjacks in temperate forests. It grows in our mountains in winter. Most cultivated in China, Japan and Taiwan; but other species are cultivated in temperate zones. It is called the ear, the ear of Judah, it grows on dead trees. Good antibiotic and anti-inflammatory. Commercially "black or Chinese mushrooms."

• A large window of the legend of Saint Eustace in the Cathedral of Chartres.
• Many of the mushroom paintings appear in Christian art.
• Today there are still ancient cultures in the civilizations of the Far East.

Slavic people usually call it Ivan Kupala night. It was a night of folk dancing, jumping over bonfires and customs related to childbirth. One of the most mysterious customs associated with the fern. According to the general opinion, this plant, usually without flowers, briefly launches a magical flower, full of strong scarlet light on the night of the holiday. The one who chooses it will be able to see all the buried treasures, no matter how deep they are. The flower will provide lucky other magical abilities: it can become invisible and free from any prison, although it is not easy to devour a flower that is guarded with zeal by unclean spirits.

In the wastelands, ravines and humid forest glades, a broadcast view grows, which shoots with less than 20 centimeters in length, with the leaves still in bloom, they are very tasty when cooked in brine or vinegar, looking like mushrooms, usually for Russian cuisine or seaweed, traditional japanese.

This is part of the menu of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East, but for unknown reasons its edible qualities are almost unknown to the west of the Urals, which shares the European part of Russia from Asia. The fact that the plant is poisonous when the raw material is not considered, because the Russians know how to neutralize the poison, as it happens, for example, with mushrooms, soaking them for a while or exposing them to high temperatures, then using them in dozens of dishes.

For residents of Siberia and the Far East, fern, as well as a snack, is also a business object. Shoots salted in snakes three times: firstly, in brine with 30% salt, then twice as much in salt solutions of an ever more reduced percentage. Hundreds of tons are sent to Japan, where tourists try to cook dishes from fern, not knowing their origin.

Perhaps it was with the Asian people that the Russians learned to eat the fern. When cooked, it ceases to be harmful to health and even becomes healthy food. It often grows on iodine-rich soils that contain it in large quantities in an easily assimilated form, so dietary experts recommend ferns to patients who have been exposed to radiation. After a nuclear accident in Fukushima cup fern may be even more popular.

The Russians invented their own way to use this plant: they use it as a filling for cakes and pies. Cooked or salted shoots are dried after washing and mixed with chopped egg, raw onion, pepper and melted butter. Cakes and pastries made from fermented pasta are cooked in rustic or ordinary ovens. With a cup of frozen vodka, such a cake is valued just like other classic Russian snacks, cleansing the body.

Check out other articles in the Russian Herald. In addition, the Center will be grateful for any financial contribution to its research program. Professor of Mycology and Botany at Happ University. Not very strong and not quite animal, the fungus has characteristics that challenge the whole classification. Mushrooms are like animals and plants at the same time. As in the case of animals, we find urea in their metabolism, chitin in the cell walls, and they use glycogen as a reserve, like plants, they absorb their food, but do not. they continue to grow their whole lives, and they are still.

Thus, they occupy an intermediate position between the plant universe and the animal universe. They are heterotrophic organisms, they do not produce chlorophyll, a substance that supplies plants, and therefore depend on energy-rich carbonaceous substances produced by other organisms, therefore fungi play a special role in Ecosystems: they are saprophytes, as well as parasites of plants and animals, they often live in symbiosis with plants, without fungi, many plants cannot survive, fungi also have remarkable adaptability - they produce enzymes that allow them to survive on almost any substrate.