Mushrooms with a purple hat. Unusual mushroom spider web purple
Description:The size of the mushroom cap varies from five to fifteen centimeters in diameter. In youth, the color of the cap is purple, with time it turns brown, becomes brownish-purple. It is flat, its edges are wrapped, rather fleshy. The plates are painted in purple, very frequent. Spore powder with a pink tinge. The mushroom stem is also purple in color, fibrous and very sturdy. The flesh is the first time with a purple color, fading over time. It has a pleasant smell.
Hat:The diameter is 7-15 cm (they are also larger), in youth it is hemispherical, then it opens up to almost prostrate (the edges of the cap remain tucked). The color of a young purple or mauve, with age acquires a brown or leathery tone (large color variety). The pulp is thick, thick, purple in youth, then purple, cream. The smell is very strong, specific (usually characterized as "floral" or even "perfumery"), the taste is sweetish.
Records:Broad, free, quite frequent, in youth, radical-violet, fading with mauve with age.
Spore powder:Pink.
Leg:Hat colors or paler, sometimes with a weak pattern, like a white mushroom. Height is 4-8 cm, thickness is 1-2 cm, in the lower part it expands (in some cases club-shaped), initially solid, acquires cavities with age.
Taste: After heat treatment, the mushroom can be eaten, it has a good taste and smell. In its raw form, its use is fraught with poisoning, it is poisonous. It has a specific sweet taste.
Edibility:Good edible mushroom with a peculiar taste. Some sources insist on the need for heat treatment.
Spread:It grows from late summer to late autumn in forests of various types, as well as in gardens, on forest edges, along roads, and so on. Most abundant fruits from mid-September to serious frosts, meeting at this time in large groups.
Where and when to collect:Rowing purple can be found on garden plots and in the forests, starting in May and ending in the fall.
Similar species:This two-color series is very similar to this series, Lepista saeva. A distinctive feature may be the color of the cap: violet-purple against cream, yellowish. Similar rowing violet, Lepista irinaIt grows mainly in open areas. In the definition of these rows, experience is needed; in the absence of such images shown on this page can be attributed to each of these types.
Features:Rowing violet is often confused with a row of Lilac-legged and several species of spiderwebs, including poisonous ones. The main difference in the color of spore powder.
Note:Honestly, until this year, I was very skeptical of edible rowers / govorushki. They seemed to me to be the next representatives of the western "spiritual fast food", spineless foodstuffs, like incubator champignons. However, using the example of a gray talker ( Clitocybe nebularis) the world has once again proved to me that everything is not so simple. Violet rowing aggravated understanding. The word "POISON!" (yes, such large letters) in some Western "source" and at all caused a lot of pleasant associations. If some Germans had a purple row that had a distended stomach, then there is hope.
Hello, dear reader!
I think I made a discovery. Let small. In the field ... Let's just say: in the field of plant geography. More precisely, the geography of mushrooms.
In short, it was like that. On August 18, we went with a friend to the forest, about thirty kilometers from the city. With the check - whether real milk mushrooms appeared. Gruzdey was very small. They collected everything fit for use: volnushki, valui ("bulls"), aspen birds, and so on.
But my most curious discovery was not in the basket, but only on my camera's SD-Card! Here she is:
The mushroom in the picture is already broken by me. The picture of his "on the vine", unfortunately, did not work. But close to growing another, similar! Only much younger. This was, apparently, still a “baby”, whereas the first one - if not a “adult”, then a “teenager” for sure ...
Very young spiderweb purple
And here is another one, a bit older.
The hat is already starting to stand out better.
The sight of these forest dwellers was ... some kind of unearthly! As if, in fact, not mushrooms, but some aliens from another planet. Although mushrooms with bluish hats are found in our forests, these colors were not pale blue, but very intense. However, in the photo it is quite clear. Violet-blue were not only a mushroom cap and leg. The same color and his records. The painted mushroom was inside as well, which can be seen in the next photo. Smelling the mushroom, I did not feel any particular smell.
Purple mushroom plates
After returning home, I decided to try from my photos to determine what kind of find I caught my eye. Unfortunately, I did not find anything similar in the references available to me. And turned to the internet. And here is the result.
Apparently, I found a mushroom near the village of Zavrazhie, in the east of Nikolsky district of the Vologda region (about 20 kilometers from the border with the Kostroma region) spider web purple from the family cobweb order agaric . Mushrooms of this family have a very interesting feature: in young fruit bodies, the bonnet connects to the leg with a webbed spider web, which later breaks. For this feature the family of mushrooms got its name. The family is very numerous. Mushrooms cobwebs , fiber boxes , hebelom and others are found in many different natural areas, even in the Arctic.
Among the cobwebs there are a lot of different mushrooms of various shapes and colors. There are inedible mushrooms, there are poisonous (even deadly poisonous!). There are edible, but they are few, and they are quite rare.
What did I manage to learn about spider web purple?
Purple spiderweb mushroom forms mycorrhiza with spruce, pine, deciduous species - birch, oak, beech. His hat in diameter from 5 to 12 centimeters, dark purple. Leg purple or light purple. The young mushroom, as I said, the leg is connected to the cap with a webbed veil. With age, the cap unfolds, and in the old fruit body it is almost flat, with a tubercle in the middle.
Numerous scales are visible in the upper part of the stem, the lower one is swollen and forms a kind of “bulba”, especially well visible on the young fruit body.
The purple web is a plate mushroom, and these plates are also dark purple in color. The spores formed on them are rusty brown.
The pulp of the fungus is white-bluish, blue or purple. The mushroom has no particular smell.
Spiderwebs purple are classified as conditionally edible mushrooms. And even claim that it has a nutty flavor!
Would you decide to try such a "forest delicacy"? Me not. Very much he looks peculiar. Unusual for edible mushrooms. And in fact - an "alien" of some kind ...
But there is also a reason why this mushroom should not be taken if it gets caught in the forest. Purple cobweb - mushroom is very rare! Rare so that is listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. Its status is 3 (R) Rare species. Back in the days when Russia was part of the Soviet Union and was called the RSFSR, a document was issued called the Red Book of the RSFSR. Plants". I quote it.
« Spread. In the RSFSR found in the European part, in Siberia and the Far East. In the European part, locations are known in the territory of the Murmansk, Leningrad, Moscow, Penza, Chelyabinsk regions and in the Mari ASSR. In Siberia, noted in the Tomsk region. and Krasnoyarsk Territory, in the Far East - in the Primorsky Territory. In the USSR, besides, meets in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, in Ukraine, in Georgia and in Kazakhstan. Outside the USSR, it is common in Europe, Japan and North America. ”
This is my “discovery”! Indeed, in the list of areas where a spider web is found (extremely sporadically - possibly in one or two places), the Vologda region is not ... God knows what a find, not America, as they say, and discovered ... But it's nice!
There are, however, among the cobwebs and similar mushrooms, and more common. However, they, as far as I was able to figure out, are still different from "mine."
Here is spider web white-purple (photo from Wiki warehouse).
But this mushroom is distinguished by gray, ocher, or rust-brown plates.
It has a sharp unpleasant smell - it smells like acetylene, or “goat”. Hence the name. Pahuch so much that it has another name - spiderweb smelly!
Let me remind you that "my" spider web has no pronounced smell, it smells only of mushroom prelie, the usual smell of the forest. And the color is not exactly the same, and the plates are again light brown.
So nothing remains but to admit that I discovered a new location of the “Red Book” mushroom, and the purple spider-web should receive another address on the map of our Motherland. But does my discovery recognize the “scientific community? ..
Purple mushroom is often found in deciduous and coniferous forests. In most cases, purple mushrooms belong to the genus of russy and can be eaten. Identify the found purple fungus will help this material, which gives a brief botanical characteristics of the most common species. You can also see the purple mushrooms in the photo, which illustrate each description.
Purple Russula
Hat 3-5 cm in diameter, thin-fleshy, semicircular, flat or concave-prostrate, with a dull, slightly ribbed edge. The peel is separated at% of the radius of the cap, the mucous membrane, in a dry state, is opaque, pinkish-grayish-purple, lilac with an olive tinge. Plates attached, frequent, forked from the leg, with anastomoses, white. Leg 3-5 x 0.5-1 cm, cylindrical or club-shaped, fragile, made with cavities, bare, smooth, white. The flesh is fragile, white, the taste is pungent, the smell is fruity, sometimes odorless.
Purple Russula forms an association, aspen (Populus L.) and poplar (Populus tremula L.). It grows in young birch forests and deciduous forests, singly and in groups, infrequently, in August - October. Edible.
Purple-leg Russail
The hat is 6-7 (10) cm in diameter, fleshy, semicircular at first, becomes funnel-like with age, the edge is slightly ribbed. The peel is separated by a% of the radius of the cap, the mucous membrane becomes matte when dry, dull green-yellow, often with a purple tinge. The plates are first attached, become free with age, white, cream, moderate frequency. Leg 4-7 x 1.5-2 cm, cylindrical, tapering downwards, strong, made, white, maybe with a slightly purple or pink shade, with brown spots at the base, with a slightly velvety patina. The flesh is white, very strong, with a mild taste and the smell of Jerusalem artichoke. Spore powder is light cream.
The purple-leg Russula forms an association. Grows and mixed forests, very rarely, in July - September. Edible.
Russula purple-green
The cap is 4-7 (14) cm in diameter, thin-fleshy, convex, concave-prostrate, with a blunt elongated ribbed edge. The peel is separated by 1/3 of the radius of the cap, glossy, becomes velvety when dry, pink-purple, dark purple, with a green tint, almost green in the center, lighter on the edge. The plates are adherent or shortly descending, wide, relatively rare, forked at the foot, with anastomoses, brittle, yellowish, then become creamy, when drying they become yellowish in color with a greenish tinge. Leg 3-4 x 1.3-2 cm, tapered down, hard, made, white or of the same color with a cap. The flesh is thick, white, pinking on the spot of damage, and yellow on the cut, it tastes fresh, without a special smell. Under the action of FeSO4 it is painted in a gray-olive-pink color. Spore powder from cream to ocher.
The purple-green Russula forms an association with spruce (Picea A. Dietr.). It grows in deciduous forests, rarely in August - October. Edible.
Lilac Russula
Hat 3-7 (9) cm in diameter, thin-fleshy, convex, concave-prostrate, with tucked, wavy, ribbed edge. The skin is separated by 1/3 of the radius of the cap, sometimes fissured, dry, velvety, felt-scaly, wine red, purple, dark purple, fading to light purple or light pink. The plates are attached, become free with age, moderately frequent, wide, sometimes forked, with anastomoses, white. Leg 3-7 x 0.6-1.5 cm, cylindrical, narrowed at the bottom or spindle-visible-bloated, brittle, made or with cavities, felt-scaly, soon naked, white, with pink specks. The flesh is brittle, white, taste fresh, without a special smell. Under the action of FeSO4 is painted in orange-red color. Spore powder is white.
Lilac russula forms an association with oak (Quercus L.), (Carpinus betulus L.), (Corylus avellana L.). It grows in deciduous and mixed forests, single and in groups, rarely, in July - August. Edible.
Brown-violet Russula
Hat 3-8 (10) cm in diameter, fleshy, flat-prostrate, concave-prostrate, with a blunt ribbed edge. The peel is separated by 2/3 of the cap radius, sticky, soon dry, dull, dark purple, red-brown in the center or ocher-brown spots, purple along the edge, in young specimens may be almost black or black and purple. Plates attached, frequent, forked, with anastomoses, white, then cream. Leg 2-8 x 1-2 cm, fusiform, hard, made, smooth, white, sometimes yellowing at the base. The flesh is loose, white, the taste is sweetish, odorless. Spore powder cream.
The brown-violet Russula forms an association with birch (Betula L.) and spruce (Picea A. Dietr.). It grows in coniferous-deciduous forests, in small groups, rarely, in July - September. Edible.
Russula dark purple
The cap is 5-8 cm in diameter, dense-fleshy, semicircular, concave-prostrate, with a thin, sharp, smooth or short-ribbed edge. The peel is separated by 1/2 of the radius of the cap, slightly sticky or dry, initially red, with age it becomes cherry-tin red, dark violet (occasionally olive or yellow purple). Plates attached or descending, relatively frequent, narrow, sometimes fork-branched, initially yellow, become orange-yellow when dried. The stem is 4-7 x 1-2 cm, cylindrical, hard at first, then spongy, made, colored to a tone lighter than the cap, whitish under the plates, often with ocher spots at the base. The flesh is relatively loose, whitish or light yellowish, reddish under the skin, very pungent, has a slightly unpleasant smell. Under the action of FeSO4, it is painted in an intense pink color, at first becomes pinkish from ammonia, and then turns purple. Spore creamy powder.
The dark purple russula forms an association with spruce (Picea A. Dietr.). It grows in coniferous and mixed forests, rarely, in June - November. Edible.
It is not often possible to meet a purple spider web in the forest, and after seeing this rare mushroom for the first time, you can take it for the tricks of a joker who dyed regular champignon in purple.
Cobweb purple (Cortinarius violaceus) - a representative of the agaric group, the spider family, the type genus Cortinarius, is indeed a relatively close relative of the champignon and is even said to be edible. As for the color unusual for mushrooms, of course, it is perceived primarily as a warning: brightly colored means dangerous! However, the world of mushrooms is a special world, mysterious, full of mysteries.
To the envy of the Impressionists
If the yellow-green and bright red colors in the fruit bodies of mushrooms, and especially caps, are relatively common, then purple is a rarity. In European forests, perhaps, only the row violet ( Lepista nuda), amethyst varnish (Laccaria amethystina) - these species are completely edible after 20 minutes of boiling, and inedible representatives of the genus Entolom ( Entoloma nitidum, Entoloma carnea, Entoloma nigroviolacea), looks like a spider web. However, if you disrupt the fruit body of the entolome and turn it upside down, you can see that, unlike the spider web, its plates are painted in a pale pink color. The disputes there are also pale pink. In the spider web purple plates purple, but the controversy - rusty brown. Another miracle in the world of cap mushrooms: the so-called blue mushroom grows in and in New Zealand - ( Entoloma hochstetteri) - saturated azure blue. This color is given to its fruit body by azulene pigment, which is also found in plants - it is found in the essential oil of wormwood, yarrow and chamomile.
In addition to the spider web, the violet will draw attention to itself, if you are lucky enough to meet him in the forest, and the spider web is cinnamon red (Cortinarius cinnabarinus), which received its specific epithet also by the color of the fruiting body. The color of most other spider webs is unremarkable, ocher-brown.
Have agarikov and even more amazing colors. For example, a neon mushroom ( Mycena chlorophos), living in the subtropics of Southeast Asia. During the daytime, its small fruity bodies of nondescript body-white color are completely invisible among lush vegetation, but at night during the doge season they glow in an emerald-green placer. Scientists know more than 70 species of such bioluminescent fungi.
Why a spider web?
The generic name "spider web" and the name of the family "spider web" these mushrooms were due to the cobweb fibers forming a kind of blanket that envelops the growing cap of the fungus and its leg, protecting them from damage and creating optimal micro-conditions for maturing spores. This cobweb cover is not forever: it breaks and disappears as the fruiting body grows. The cap of the fungus at the beginning of growth is convex, spherical, with an edge bent inwards. Over time, it grows up to 15 centimeters in diameter, becomes prostrate. The stem of the spider web is 12–16 cm tall, with a bulbous thickening at the base, especially noticeable in the initial stages of growth. Both the mushroom stem and its cap are covered with black-violet scales. It turns out that the purple mushroom is not only outside. If you break its flesh, you can see that it is also painted in bluish or gray-purple colors.
Ubiquitous but rare
Although the habitat of the purple spider web is wide enough - the mushroom can be considered a cosmopolitan, as it is found in North and Central America, in Europe, Siberia, and even in New Zealand - and yet it is a rather rare species. In, for example, it is listed in both the federal and regional Red Books. It grows individually or in small groups, mainly in deciduous forests. Forms mycorrhiza (fungus) with oak, birch, beech; occasionally with conifers, supplying the plants with the missing nutrients and receiving from them instead the sugar created during photosynthesis.
The cobweb violet is considered a conditionally edible mushroom, its taste qualities are evaluated differently: some say that it has a delicate nutty flavor, others say that it is slightly bitter after roasting. In any case, having met this mushroom in the forest, do not tear it down: it is so rare and peculiar - take a look, take a picture and go away. Often, mushroom pickers who have seen a spider web purple in nature post photos on the Internet and describe a meeting with this representative. mushroom kingdom like a miracle.
A fly in the ointment
Among the cobwebs there are very poisonous representatives - for example, the cobweb is beautiful ( Cortinarius speciosissimus), and edible - for example, braided spider web (Cortinarius armillatus), especially popular among mushroom pickers. The latter type differs from the deadly poisonous one by the absence of a pointed tubercle in the center of the cap and the presence of a red "belt" on the stem. Of some species of spider webs, mostly brown, get dyes. However, spider web purple does not belong to their number.