Ekranoplan "Lun" - a thunderstorm of ships and a sea ratuvalnik. Impact ekranoplan "Lun" Rocket ship ekranoplan

In 1987 on the water zіyshov "Lun" the first ship of a series of combat missile-carrying ekranoplanes with a 400-ton haulage. The head designer was Kirillov. The ship was fired with pairs of 3M80 or 80M "Moskity" cruise missiles (NATO designation SS-N-22 Sunburn). The other "Lun" was also laid down as a missile carrier, but the conversion, which began, made its own corrections, and they planned to get it as a replacement.
LTH:
Modification Lun
Wing span, m 44.00
Dovzhina, m 73.80
Height, m 19.20
Creel area, m2 550.00
mass, kg
empty lantern 243000
maximum PLN 380000
Engine type 8 TRD NK-87
Thrust, kgf 8 x 13000
Maximum speed, km/year 500
Practical distance, km 2000
Height of the sky on the screen, m 1-5
Seaworthiness, balls 5-6
Crew, number 10
Design: 6 anti-ship missile launchers ZM-80 Moskit
Lun roztashovuetsya on the dock, specially designed for the new, vantageopidiomnistyu 500 tons.

On the view of "Orlyatko", "Lun" I can't move, I can only hydrolyze, I can't get ashore on my own. That youmu i need a dry floating dock.

This dock is towed by tugboats into the inflow, then we zanuryuetsya for a sprat of meters (maybe zanurennya up to 10 meters) and farther the ekranoplan, which is pidpliv, go on its own.

Severe damage to the ekranoplan: so, destruction at the shipyard for these technologies, like a stink. Tim and unique yoga health.

Under the cim obt_chnik, a marine radar station is known. Looking in the middle will be in the next. posts.

Lun is equipped with eight engines of the Kuznetsov Design Bureau. Well, they put it on the ІL-62, so I don’t have mercy, though here is the marine version plus rotary nozzles
Engine type 8 TRD NK-87
Thrust, kgf 8 x 13000

It left me with a riddle: why only one dvigun shut down with such gates?

Nozzle view

If Lun is reassured, then it is planned to replace the engines with ti, as if to stand on the unfinished "Ryatuvalnik"

Type of s-p_d krill:

The hull of the ekranoplan is functionally divided beyond the dovzhina into parts (district): bow, middle, stern and keel area and stabilizer. At the bow part (accommodation with possessions and structures that protect the PSE), there is a wheelhouse for the crew, a pylon, where the head engines are located, and accommodation in the area of the pylon with additional engines and power plant systems; in the middle (admission from the bow to the middle of the hull) - possession, for testing, and combat?, as well as a galley, toilet, cabin for the crew, in the “stern (viewing the middle of the hull to the stern) - still reserved for testing the owners; in the area of the keel - an electric power plant for the provision of an ekranoplan with electric power at the station, a complex of radio-electronic equipment for the provision of navigation, a call. At the crossroads of the keel and the stabilizer at a height of 12 m, in front of the waterline, the archer's seat was planted.

The crew of the ekranoplan consisted of 7 officers and 4 contractors (midshipmen). Autonomy of yoga 5 deb.

Tse bottom view of the pylon with dvigunami

In fact, the screen effect is the same pillow, which is only tucked away by the wind blowing way not by special outbuildings, but by the flow that is growing. That is why the “wing” of such devices creates a force not only for the ridge of a widened vice over the upper plane (like in “normal” aircraft), but additionally for the ridge of the raised vice under the lower plane, it is possible to create only on the arc of up to a few centimeters kіlkoh meters) Tsya height is equal to the longest average aerodynamic chord (MAC) of the krill. To that the wings of the ekranoplan are swayed by the Vikonati with a small podovzhennya.

de l is the width of the krill (chord of the krill), V is the speed of the sound, h is the height of the flight, v is the speed of the flight.

The greater the MAR of the krill, the lower the swedishness of the coat and the height - the greater the screen effect.
For example, the maximum flight range of the Ivolga screen-aircraft at a height of 0.8 m is 1150 km, and at a height of 0.3 meters with the same aims - already 1480 km.

Traditionally, on the ground floor, it is customary to put half of the krill chord high on the screen. Tse gives a height of about a meter. And to reach the great ekranoplanes, the height of the sky "on the screen" can reach 10 and more meters.

Looking at the flaps (otherwise how to name them correctly?) From the tail of the ekranoplane

View from the hull near the krill tip

The number of things on the floor is massive and broken like a ship, which is amazing.

Attach to the turn and block the shutters

Lіve wing and float on yogo kіntsi

Advantages of airborne screen planes and screen planes

* High vitality
* Dosit high swidkіst
* In ekranoplanіv vysoka ekonomіchnіst і bіlsh vіsoka vantazhopіdіomnіst in pіvnіnі z lіtakami, yak pіdіomna sіdоmna zіdnoєєєєєєєє z scho utvoryuєєєі v_d ekrannogo efektu.
* ekranoplanes for airborne, combat and vantazhopidyomnimi characteristics to turn over the vessel on the air cushion and the vessel on underwater wings
* For Viysk people, it is important that the ekranoplan is not very visible on radars, in addition to flying at heights of dekilkoh meters, speed, resistance to anti-ship mines
* for ekranoplanes, the surface type is not important, which creates an effect on the screen - stench can move over the frozen water surface, snow level, over impassable roads, etc.; as a last resort, stinks can move by “direct” routes, they do not need ground infrastructure: bridges, roads, etc.
* modern screen flight is very safe for the first flight: in case of a malfunction in the amphibian flight, it can wind up on the water with a strong wheezing. For this reason, we need to take into account whether there are any pre-landing maneuvers and it can be done simply by dropping gas (for example, in case of engine malfunctions). Also, the very inadequacy of the engine is often not safe for the great ekranoplanes through those that stench may have a sprinkling of engines, divided into the starting and marching groups, and the inadequacy of the engine of the marching group can be compensated by the launch of one of the engines in the starting group.
* Airplanes fly to non-aerodrome aviation - for the purpose of landing, they don’t need a specially prepared golden smuga, but only enough for the size of the water area or a land plot of land

Nedoliki

* one of the serious shifts in the regular operation of ekranoplanes are those that have a lot of fortune-telling benefits (vzdovzh r_k) will definitely escape from the zones of maximum concentration of birds
* keruvannya with an ekranoplan is airborne in the form of keruvannya with a light so and using specific skills
* Ekranoplan "binding" to the surface and cannot fly over the uneven surface; kogo nedolіku consolation ekranolіt
* even if it’s “on the screen” and it’s caused by lower energy levels, lower by the aircraft, the proto-start procedure will increase the load-bearing capacity similar to that of the transport aircraft, and it’s possible until the landing of additional launching engines on the main ), or special starting modes for the main engines, which lead to an additive vitratypal

In the rest of the hour, the story with ekranoplans was completely healed
unsupported turn. Having analyzed the prospects of which mind
technіki i dіyshovshi vysnovku pro znachne, 'yako kazhuchi
work (for the actual number of such) in the region
ekranoplanobuduvannya, the US Congress created a special commission,
Poklikanu rozrobiti plan dії z liquidation<русского
break through>. Members of the commission urged to turn around for help ... to themselves
Russian and went without a hitch to the CCL on the SEC. The decoration of the rest
povіdomilo Moscow i took away
State Committee for Defense Industry and the Ministry of Defense for negotiations
Americans under the patronage of the Commission on Export Control
development, military equipment and technologies of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. And so as not to get attached
zayvoї respect for the subject of negotiations, dope Americans
urged to hurry up with the servants of an American firm pid
call me neutral<Российско-американская наука>(RAS), i for її
mediated by a delegation of overseas fahivtsiv took
the ability to visit the CCL SPK, get in touch with the designers
ekranoplanіv, z'yasuvati, if possible, details, what to chirp. Potim
the Russian side kindly agreed to organize the meeting
American survivors of the base at Kaspiysk, de stinks could without
the border is shown in detail on the photo and video preparation of preparations before
vilotu specially for this visit<Орленок>.

Who is entering the warehouse of the American<десанта>? Kerivnik
delegation - UPU Colonel Francis, who is a very special program
the creation of a promising tactful winemaker
were visible fakhіvtsі z scientifically-recent centers,
members of NASA, as well as representatives of airline companies
America. Among them, the most important specialty is Bert Rutan,
by designing a non-traditional aerodynamic scheme
<Вояжер>, on which sprat is rocky to that yogo brother zdіysniv
no-stop round-the-world flight. In addition, before the delegation's warehouse,
behind the words of those present at the show of representatives of the Russian
competent authorities, which included individuals, for the obligatory service of fate
collected in all possible ways information about Radianska
ekranoplanes and in the past the znenatska took away the ability to fly
on the vlasnі ochі - i navіt dotorknutis - to the object of your saw
respect.

In the wake of these visits, which were American
taxpayers total 200 thousand dollars, our new friends
you can save a million kilka and a day, for 5 - 6 years,
to shorten the terms of the fragmentation of the projects of the state airfoils.
Representatives of the United States to put food about the organization of the conference
activity for liquidation of your appearance at this gallery
Kіntseva meta - the creation of a transport-landing ekranoplan with an evil one
with a carload of up to 5000 tons of American forces of the Swedish response. on
the entire program may need 15 billion dollars.
sumi can be invested in Russian science and industry
and what will be invested in the future - it is still unclear With such an organization
negotiations, if 200 thousand dollars are taken away, they do not cover the cost
TsKL that the plant has received 300 million rubles to bring to
I will become<Орленка>, support for mutual guidance
spіvrobіtnitstva not brought

On sumnіvi about the melancholy of such contacts for the sovereign
interest of Russia to induce and the reaction of a senior official of the Commission
from export control
Russian Federation Andriy Logvinenka on unscheduled for a new appearance at Kaspiysk
(together with the Americans) representatives of the press. Officially
having sent to mіrkuvannya secrecy ('), vіn namagavsya fence
journalists entered the base, and in a private conversation, what did I see later.
explaining that it should not be included in this task to prevent the flow of information into
friend about Russian-American contacts with the drive of ekranoplanes and
having added that we wrote to the Americans, we can know what to write
for sure, but without a word about the American visit to the country
secret object.

And tse special seal (electro-chemical) against corrosion to the body.

Hinge for fastening hydraulic fluid.

The axis of my hand reached the ekranoplan.
In 1987 on the water zіyshov "Lun" the first ship of a series of combat missile-carrying ekranoplanes with a 400-ton capacity. The head designer was Kirillov. The ship was fired with pairs of 3M80 or 80M "Moskity" cruise missiles (NATO designation SS-N-22 Sunburn). The other "Lun" was also laid down as a missile carrier, but the conversion, which began, made its own corrections, and they planned to get it as a replacement.
LTH:
Modification Lun
Wing span, m 44.00
Dovzhina, m 73.80
Height, m 19.20
Creel area, m2 550.00
mass, kg
empty lantern 243000
maximum PLN 380000
Engine type 8 TRD NK-87
Thrust, kgf 8 x 13000
Maximum speed, km/year 500
Practical distance, km 2000
Height of the sky on the screen, m 1-5
Seaworthiness, balls 5-6
Crew, number 10
Design: 6 anti-ship missile launchers ZM-80 Moskit

The weather was good, so the photographs were bright, but now it’s too: tobto.
There will be a lot of photos again, and a lot of the same type.
Lun roztashovuetsya on the dock, specially designed for the new, vantageopidiomnistyu 500 tons.

On the view of "Orlyatko", "Lun" I can't move, I can only hydrolyze, I can't get ashore on my own. That youmu i need a dry floating dock.

This dock is towed by tugboats into the inflow, then we zanuryuetsya for a sprat of meters (maybe zanurennya up to 10 meters) and farther the ekranoplan, which is pidpliv, go on its own.

Severe damage to the ekranoplan: so, destruction at the shipyard for these technologies, like a stink. Tim and unique yoga health.

Under the cim obt_chnik, a marine radar station is known. Looking in the middle will be in the next. posts.

Lun is equipped with eight engines of the Kuznetsov Design Bureau. Well, they put it on the ІL-62, so I don’t have mercy, though here is the marine version plus rotary nozzles
Engine type 8 TRD NK-87
Thrust, kgf 8 x 13000

It left me with a riddle: why only one dvigun shut down with such gates?

Nozzle view

Side view of the krill.

From earth :-))

If Lun is known, then it is planned to replace the engine with ti, as if to stand on the unfinished "Ryatuvalnik"

Type of s-p_d krill:

The hull of the ekranoplan is functionally divided beyond the dovzhina into parts (district): bow, middle, stern and keel area and stabilizer. At the bow part (accommodation with possessions and structures that protect the PSE), there is a wheelhouse for the crew, a pylon, where the head engines are located, and accommodation in the area of the pylon with additional engines and power plant systems; in the middle (admission from the bow to the middle of the hull) - possession, for testing, and combat?, as well as a galley, toilet, cabin for the crew, in the “stern (viewing the middle of the hull to the stern) - still reserved for testing the owners; in the area of the keel - an electric power plant for the provision of an ekranoplan with electric power at the station, a complex of radio-electronic equipment for the provision of navigation, a call. At the crossroads of the keel and the stabilizer at a height of 12 m, in front of the waterline, the archer's seat was planted.

The crew of the ekranoplan consisted of 7 officers and 4 contractors (midshipmen). Autonomy of yoga 5 deb.

Tse bottom view of the pylon with dvigunami

In fact, the screen effect is the same pillow, which is only tucked away by the wind blowing way not by special outbuildings, but by the flow that is growing. That is why the “wing” of such devices creates a force not only for the ridge of a widened vice over the upper plane (like in “normal” aircraft), but additionally for the ridge of the raised vice under the lower plane, it is possible to create only on the arc of up to a few centimeters kіlkoh meters) Tsya height is equal to the longest average aerodynamic chord (MAC) of the krill. To that the wings of the ekranoplan are swayed by the Vikonati with a small podovzhennya.

de l is the width of the krill (chord of the krill), V is the speed of the sound, h is the height of the flight, v is the speed of the flight.

The center of the grip (high point of force reporting) of the screen effect is closer to the rear edge, the center of the grip of the “superior” bottom power is closer to the leading edge, the more it brings the screen into the top boost power, the more the center of the grip shifts back. Tse lead to problems of balancing. Change of height, change of balance, change of speed - also. Nakhil yelled diagonally to the center of the vise. Therefore, keruvannya with an ekranoplan has specific skills.
Tse view of the s-p_d krill on the flaps, or how to name them correctly. After their lowering: the stench takes the same position, after which engine is pumped again under the wing, the screen rises from the water and begins to collapse.

Looking at the flaps (otherwise how to name them correctly?) From the tail of the ekranoplane

View from the hull near the krill tip

View of Lviv Krylo

The number of things on the floor is massive and broken like a ship, which is amazing.

Attach to the turn and block the shutters

Lіve wing and float on yogo kіntsi

float surface

Vin from the side of the body

Advantages of airborne screen planes and screen planes

* High vitality
* Dosit high swidkіst
* In ekranoplanіv vysoka ekonomіchnіst і bіlsh vіsoka vantazhopіdіomnіst in pіvnіnі z lіtakami, yak pіdіomna sіdоmna zіdnoєєєєєєєє z scho utvoryuєєєі v_d ekrannogo efektu.
* ekranoplanes for airborne, combat and vantazhopidyomnimi characteristics to turn over the vessel on the air cushion and the vessel on underwater wings
* For Viysk people, it is important that the ekranoplan is not very visible on radars, in addition to flying at heights of dekilkoh meters, speed, resistance to anti-ship mines
* for ekranoplanes, the type of surface is not important, which creates an effect on the screen - stench can move over the frozen water surface, snow level, over impassable roads, etc.; as a last resort, stinks can move by “direct” routes, they do not need ground infrastructure: bridges, roads, etc.
* modern screen flight is very safe for the first flight: in case of a malfunction in the amphibian flight, it can wind up on the water with a strong wheezing. For this reason, we need to take into account whether there are any pre-landing maneuvers and it can be done simply by dropping gas (for example, in case of engine malfunctions). Also, the very inadequacy of the engine is often not safe for the great ekranoplanes through those that stench may have a sprinkling of engines, divided into the starting and marching groups, and the inadequacy of the engine of the marching group can be compensated by the launch of one of the engines in the starting group.
* Airplanes fly to non-aerodrome aviation - for the purpose of landing, they don’t need a specially prepared golden smuga, but only enough for the size of the water area or a land plot of land

Nedoliki

Who is entering the warehouse of the American<десанта>? Kerivnik
delegation - Colonel of the U.S. Air Force Francis, who is a very special program
the creation of a promising tactful winemaker
were visible fakhіvtsі z scientifically-recent centers,
members of NASA, as well as representatives of airline companies
America. Among them, the most important specialty is Bert Rutan,
by designing a non-traditional aerodynamic scheme
<Вояжер>, on which sprat is rocky to that yogo brother zdіysniv
no-stop round-the-world flight. In addition, before the delegation's warehouse,
behind the words of those present at the show of representatives of the Russian
competent authorities, which included individuals, for the obligatory service of fate
collected in all possible ways information about Radianska
ekranoplanes and in the past the znenatska took away the ability to fly
on the vlasnі ochі - i navіt dotorknutis - the object of your saw
respect.

In the wake of these visits, which were American
taxpayers total 200 thousand dollars, our new friends
you can save a million kilka and a day, for 5 - 6 years,
to shorten the terms of the fragmentation of the projects of the state airfoils.
Representatives of the United States to put food about the organization of the conference
activity for liquidation of your appearance at this gallery
Kіntseva meta - the creation of a transport-landing ekranoplan with an evil
with a carload of up to 5000 tons of American forces of the Swedish response. on
the entire program may need 15 billion dollars.
sumi can be invested in Russian science and industry -
and what will be invested in the future - it is still unclear With such an organization
negotiations, if 200 thousand dollars are taken away, they do not cover the cost
TsKL that the plant has received 300 million rubles to bring to
I will become<Орленка>, support for mutual guidance
spіvrobіtnitstva not brought

On sumnіvi about the melancholy of such contacts for the sovereign
interest of Russia to induce and the reaction of a senior official of the Commission
from export control
Russian Federation Andriy Logvinenka on unscheduled for a new appearance at Kaspiysk
(together with the Americans) representatives of the press. Officially
having sent to mіrkuvannya secrecy ("), vіn namagavsya fence
journalists entered the base, and in a private conversation, what did I see later.
explaining that it should not be included in this task to prevent the flow of information into
friend about Russian-American contacts with the drive of ekranoplanes and
having added that we wrote to the Americans, we can know what to write
for sure, but without a word about the American visit to the country
secret object.

And tse special seal (electro-chemical) against corrosion to the body.

To help with planting, hydrolysis is victorious. Zavdyaki tsyomu ekranoplan can be lifted and sat when hvilyuvanni up to 5 meters.

View of the hydrolysis from the tail.

Hinge for fastening hydraulic fluid.

Another view of hydrolysis

Structures of ekranoplanes

Two schools can be seen in the structures of ekranoplanes: radianska (Rostislav Aleksiev) with a straight wing and a wing (Oleksandra Lippisha) with a triangular wing (backwards, so it is with a turning arrow-like shape) with a turning turning transverse V. Scheme R. Є. Aleksєєva vymagaє more work and stabilization, but also allows you to collapse with great speed and in flying mode.

Scheme Lіppisha includes the possibility of lowering the supra-mundane stability (wing with a winged sweep and a winged transverse V), which allows to reduce the amount of balance of the ekranoplan in the minds of small sizes and folds.

The third proposed scheme was the tandem scheme of G.Yorga (FRN), the prote in a row of successes (automatic stabilization) of successors is still not possible.

So the idea of a screen effect is to vicorate a vessel with a dynamic cushion. On the view of ekranoplanes, the height of the sky is still lower, but in pairs with ships on underwater wings and on a pillow of stink, you can have more speed with less energy consumption.

View of the tail plumage

Horizontal stabilizers

One of two working mіsts strіltsіv

We are there in the middle

Vertical stabilizers

Teplozakhist fuselage from razpechenyh gazіv when launching missiles: crushing from the same materials as our shuttle

In front of the tail plumage and on the new one, all the radar stations are known

On its hump, the ekranoplan carried six armored anti-ship missiles "Moskit" PU anti-ship missiles ZM-80. A volley of chotirma with missiles destroys a ship of any size (including an aircraft carrier), which will cause it to be flooded.

View from the ground

Looking from the wing: you can see the doors inside the ekranoplan. When you know afloat: the wings can be smoothly descended from the water, which is even better when launching ryatuvalnye zabiv and selection.

I entry

In the middle on the "das" of the ekranoplan, you can spend some money in ways. One of them: a hatch in front of the first working space of the arrow and on the level of the engine pylon.

Tse view of the right pylon

View of the Libyan Pilon

Side view of the cabin at the launcher and space arrow

View from the right pylon

Cabin view, unintelligent asymmetric comb

View of the cockpit from the pylon

Trochy closer (can you see the rear view mirrors?)

View from the right pylon

View from the left pylon

They said: “practice, why should the corps go, to serve for the installation of a special gazebo, for serving the ekranoplane.

And now let's climb through the hatch on the tail plumage

View of the left horizontal stabilizer

Hatch and maybe antenna

Forward view from the tail

Sea fires on the main point of the ekranoplane

View from the coast

In the foreground, the construction of the dock

One more crazy look. The fox had a krill vikoristovuєtsya in order to eat inside the middle of the ekranoplane.

Sumny look at the new one !!!

And tse vnutr_shnіy vglyad working mіstsya strіlka (seed for the coming post)

I think that everything was done chaotically. While I'm posting this post only for friends, the fact that the photo shoot didn't become a landslide, as it happened with the post about "Typhoon"

I will be grateful to everyone for the corrections, additions. I would also like to know the rozpovіdі people, yakі went or flew on tsіy tehnіtsі.

To the one who was far away to know only an insignificant type:
The principle has the same history of bula z z nayomim litekhoyu z ekranoplane. Vіn іn іlki іslky navchannya molodіv spent v_razu navigator on the car. Like a wine, after having suffered fear, it’s like laying a course there, noise, grunting, shaking, you can’t see shit, there’s only one thought in your head - aby we live, we’ll scream. So I didn’t call, they wrote off

So I’ll be more wise, how can I suggest, how can I screw books up to the topic?

2. LTH:
Modification Lun
Wing span, m 44.00
Dovzhina, m 73.80
Height, m 19.20
Creel area, m2 550.00
mass, kg
empty lantern 243000
maximum PLN 380000
Engine type 8 TRD NK-87
Thrust, kgf 8 x 13000
Maximum speed, km/year 500
Practical distance, km 2000
Height of the sky on the screen, m 1-5
Seaworthiness, balls 5-6
Crew, number 10
Design: 6 anti-ship missile launchers ZM-80 Moskit

The weather was good, the photographs were bright for that, but for that.
There will be a lot of photos again, and a lot of the same type.
Mіsyats roztashovuєtsya on the dock, specially designed for new, vantageopidyomnіstyu 500 tons.

3. I can’t walk on the view of “Orlyatko”, “Lun”, I’m only hydrolyzed, I can’t climb ashore on my own. To that you need a dry floating dock.

4. Tow this dock with tugboats into the inflow, then zanuryuetsya for a sprat of meters (it is possible to zanurennya up to 10 meters) and farther the ekranoplan, which pіdsplivає, go on its own.

5. Heavily attacked by the ekranoplan: so, destruction at the shipyard for technologies, like a stink. Tim and more unique yoga zdіbnosti.

6. A sea radar station is known as an obtіchnik.

7. Lun equipped with eight engines of the Kuznetsov Design Bureau. So they put it on ІL-62, which I don’t have mercy on, though here is the marine version plus rotary nozzles. Engine type 8 turbojet engine NK-87. Thrust, kgf 8x13000.

8. It left me with a riddle: why only one dvigun closed with such gates?

9. View of the nozzles.

10.

11.

12.

13. View from the side of the krill.

14. From the earth.

15. To remind Lun, then it is planned to replace the engines with those that stand on the unfinished "Ryatuvalnik".

16. The hull of the ekranoplan is functionally divided beyond the dovzhina into chotir parts (district): bow, middle, stern and keel area and stabilizer. At the bow part (accommodation with possessions and structures that protect the PSE), there is a wheelhouse for the crew, a pylon, where the head engines are located, and accommodation in the area of the pylon with additional engines and power plant systems; at the middle (admission from the bow to the middle of the hull) - possession, for testing that combat, as well as a galley, toilet, cabin for the crew, at the "stern (viewing the middle of the hull to the stern) - for the time being, the same is reserved for testing the possessions; near the keel area - an electric power plant for providing electric power to the ekranoplan at the station, a complex of radio-electronic equipment for ensuring navigation, communication. At the crossroads of the keel and the stabilizer at a height of 12 m, in front of the waterline, the archer's seat was planted. The crew of the ekranoplan consisted of 7 officers and 4 contractors (midshipmen). Autonomy of yoga 5 deb.

17. Below view of the pylon with dvigunami.

18. In fact, the screen effect is the same pillow, which is only made up by the way of pumping air not by special outbuildings, but by the flow that is growing. That is why the “wing” of such devices creates a force not only for the ridge of a widened vice over the upper plane (like in “normal” aircraft), but additionally for the ridge of the raised vice under the lower plane, it is possible to create only on the arc of up to a few centimeters how many meters). This height is equal to the old average aerodynamic chord (MAC) of the krill. To that the wings of the ekranoplan are swayed by the Vikonati with a small podovzhennya.

The effect of the screen is caused by the fact that the wind (growth of the vice) in the air reaches the earth (water), it rises to reach the air. In this rank, the growth of the vice under the krill will come out bigger. Swiftness widened to the vise, sig- nificantly, more swidden to the sound. Clearly, having shown the screen effect, it starts from h, de l - the width of the krill (chord of the krill), V - the speed of the sound, h - the height of the flight, v - the width of the flight. The greater the MAR of the krill, the lower the swedishness of the coat and the height - the greater the screen effect.

For example, the maximum flight range of the Ivolga screen-aircraft at a height of 0.8 m is 1150 km, and at a height of 0.3 meters with the same aims - already 1480 km. Traditionally, on the ground floor, it is customary to put half of the krill chord high on the screen. Tse gives a height of about a meter. And to reach the great ekranoplanes, the height of the sky "on the screen" can reach 10 and more meters. The center of the grip (high point of force reporting) of the screen effect is closer to the rear edge, the center of the grip of the “superior” bottom power is closer to the leading edge, the more it brings the screen into the top boost power, the more the center of the grip shifts back. Tse lead to problems of balancing. Change of height, change of balance, change of speed - also. Nakhil yelled diagonally to the center of the vise. Therefore, keruvannya with an ekranoplan has specific skills.

Tse view of z-pіd krill on the flaps (what is the correct name for them?). After the last lowering: the very camp of the stink is occupied, after the first engine is pumped up again under the wing, the ekranoplan rises from the driver and starts to collapse.

19. Looking at the flaps (what is the correct name for them?) From the tail of the ekranoplane.

20. View of the hull near the end of the krill.

21. View on the left krylo.

22. The number of things on the floor is massive and broken like a ship, which is amazing.

23. Attach to the turn and block the locks.

24. Lіve wings and floats on yoga kіnci.

25. On top of the float.

26. Wine from the side of the body.

27. Advantages of flying winged planes and winged planes
high vitality;
to milk the temple swidkіst;
in ekranoplanes, the economy is high and the main advantage is anti-flying, the splintering forces add up with the force, which is established in the screen effect;
screens for airborne, combat and vantazhopidyomnimi characteristics to relocate the vessel on the air cushion and the vessel on underwater wings;
for the Viysk people, it is important that the ekranoplan is not very visible on radars, that it can fly at a height of a few meters, that it is airborne, that it is not susceptible to anti-ship mines;
for ekranoplanes, the surface type is not important, which creates an effect on the screen - stench can move over the frozen water surface, snow level, over impassable roads, etc .; as a last resort, stinks can move by “direct” routes, they do not need ground infrastructure: bridges, roads, etc.;
in the case of escapist flying, it’s safe for good airborne: if there is a malfunction in the water, the amphibian can wind up on the water with a strong wheezing. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out any pre-landing maneuvers and it can be done simply by dropping gas (for example, in case of engine malfunctions). Also, the very inadequacy of the engine is often not safe for the great ekranoplans through those that stench may have a sprinkling of engines, divided into the starting and marching groups, and the inadequacy of the engine of the marching group can be compensated by the launch of one of the engines in the starting group;
flying away to non-aerodrome aviation - for the purpose of landing, they don’t need a specially prepared golden smuga, but more than enough for the size of the water area, or a river of dry land;

28. Nedoliki:
one of the serious changes in the regular exploitation of ekranoplanes and those, the place of their fortune-telling benefits (vzdovzh rіk) will definitely escape from the zones of maximum concentration of birds;
keruvannya with an ekranoplan vіdrіznyaєtsya vіd karuvannya letakom i vmagaє spetsifichnіchnyh navichok;
the ekranoplan is bound to the surface and cannot fly over the uneven surface. What a short amount of consolation ekranolit;
hoch flight "on the screen" and overlaps with smaller energy vitrates, lower at the aircraft, prote the procedure for launching due to greater thrust, equal to that of the transport aircraft, and it is necessary until the stopover of the additional launching (for large rear engines) , or special starting modes for the main engines, which lead to the additional winding up;

29. In the rest of the hour, history with ekranoplanes made a certain unstoppable turn. Having analyzed the prospects of this type of technology and the latest developments about the significance, apparently, it works (because of the actual number of such) in the field of screen-plan production, the US Congress, having created a special commission, called on to develop a plan for development of the "liquorization". Members of the committee urged to turn around for help ... to the Russians themselves and went straight to the Central Committee of the SPK. The remainder's curiosity alerted Moscow and took it away from the Derzhkomoronprom and the Ministry of Defense to conduct negotiations with the Americans under the patronage of the Commission for Export Control of the liberation, military equipment and technologies of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. And they don’t fend out of the hare of negotiations, the dopetlivi Americans advocated by the obedients of the American PID neutral “Rosіyski-American science” (RAS), I, for the second of the delegate Fakhivtsi, to the cubs, to the zerelvy, to the zerelvye, to the clip in the clock. according to the possibility, details, what to click. Then the Russian side graciously agreed to organize the opening of the base in Kaspiysk by the Americans, and they could, without obezzheni, take a photo and video of the preparations for Villot especially for this visit of Orlyatko.

Who entered the warehouse of the American landing Kerivnik of the delegation - Colonel Francis of the U.S. Air Force, which is a very special program for the creation of a promising tactful vinischuvach. Under this kerіvnitstvom were seen fahivtsі z scientifically-recent centers, including NASA, as well as representatives of the airline companies of America. Among them, the most prominent feature of the buv is Bert Rutan, who designed the non-traditional aerodynamic scheme "Voyager", for which reason his brother built a non-stop round-the-world flight. In addition, before the warehouse of the delegation, following the words of those present at the show of representatives of the Russian competent authorities, individuals entered, as if beyond the borg of the service, by fate, they took in all possible ways information about the radyansk screens and, in the past, your sawy respect.

As a result of these visits, as a total of 200 thousand dollars were paid to the American payers, our new friends will be able to save a few billion and a day, for 5 - 6 years, to shorten the term for the development of projects for the power screen planes. Representatives of the United States to set up nutrition for the organization of sleeping activities for the liquidation of their appearance at this gallery. Kіntsevoi metoyu є the creation of a transport-landing ekranoplan with a golden carload of up to 5000 tons for the American forces of the Swedish response. For the entire program, 15 billion dollars may be needed. It is not clear yet. million rubles for bringing the Orlyatko mill to the mill;

Summons about the cost of such contacts for the sovereign interests of Russia, and the reaction of the senior official of the Commission for Export Control of the liberation of military equipment and technology of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation Andriy Logvinenok on the failure to appear in the Caspian Sea (one hour with representatives of the Americans). Officially referring to secrecy, trying to prevent journalists from entering the base, and in a private conversation, we’ll see later, explaining that it should not be allowed to enter a round of information to another about Russian-American contacts We can know and write about Americans outside, but not a word about an American visit to a huge secret object.

Look at the garni on the circle, like a sailboat.

30.

31.

32. And tse special protection (electrochemical) against corrosion to the body. Vinyatkovo often vikoristovuetsya at shipbuilding.

33. To help the planting, the vicorist is hydrolized. Zavdyaki tsyom ekranoplan can zlіtat and sit when hvilyuvannі up to 5 meters.

34. View of the hydrolysis from the tail.

35. Hinge for fastening hydraulic fluid.

36. Another view of hydrolysis.

37. In the structures of ekranoplans, two schools can be seen: radianska (Rostislav Aleksiev) with a straight wing and a wing (Oleksandra Lippisha) with a triangular wing (backwards, that is, from a turning streak) and a turning turning transverse V.

Scheme R.Є. Aleksєєva vimagaє greater work zі stabilization, but allows collapse with greater speed and in flying mode.

View of the tail plumage.

38. Horizontal stabilizers.

39. One of the two working jobs of the shooters.

40. We are more steadfast there.

41. Vertical stabilizers.

42. Teplozakhist fuselage from razpechenih gazіv when launching missiles: crushing from the same materials as our shuttle.

43. All radar stations are located in front of the tail plumage and on the new one.

44. On its hump, the ekranoplan carried six armored anti-ship missiles "Moskіt" PU anti-ship missiles ZM-80. A volley of chotirma with missiles destroys a ship of any size (including an aircraft carrier), which will cause it to be flooded.

45. View from the ground.

46. View from the wing: you can see the doors inside the ekranoplan. When known afloat, the krill can be smoothly descended into the water, which is even more important when launching ryatuvalnye zabіv such a selection.

47. I entry into the crisis.

48. You can spend a lot of money in the middle on the "das" of the ekranoplan. One of them: a hatch in front of the first working space of the arrow and on the level of the engine pylon.

49. View of the right pylon.

50. View of the Libyan pylon.

51. View from the side of the cabin on the launcher and space of the arrow.

52. View from the right pylon.

53. View of the cockpit, unreasonable asymmetric comb.

54. View of the cockpit from the pylon.

55. Trochs are seen closer to the rear-view mirrors (?).

56. View from the right pylon.

57.

58.

59. View from the left pylon.

Project 903 rocket launcher "Lun" (serial number C-31, project with NATO codification: Utka) is a project 903 impact rocket-carrying ekranoplan, developed in the TsKL SPK im. R. Y. Alexeyeva under the cerebration of V.M. Kirilov. Creations at the long-standing plant "Volga" and є the only one most likely to be the ship of project 903 out of eight planned. Ekranoplan of appointments for combating surface ships with a path of delivering a missile strike for the minds of a weak enemy from the side against an attacked enemy. The head method of the missile carrier is the aircraft carrier. The ekranoplan "Lun" of high security and incompatibility for radars can be used up to aircraft carriers for the exact launch of a rocket.

The development of the ekranoplan project was carried out from the beginning of the 70s on the basis of the design and aerodynamic layout of the KM ekranoplan at the Central Design Bureau for SVK im. R. Y. Alexeyeva under the cerebration of V.M. Kirilov.

The first "Lun" was laid down in 1983 at the oldest plant "Volga", which was located at the Central Committee of the Circle near the Gorky city (Nizhniy Novgorod). On April 16, 1986, the first descent of the ekranoplan into the water with the upcoming redirection to the Kaspiysk site for distant testing and getting the apparatus was made. At the birch tree of 1987, design moves were tested, at the lime tree of 1989, factory ones. On December 26, 1986, the end of the last state was tested. In 1990, the ekranoplan was transferred to the final operation, but it was completed in 1991 in 1991.

Ekranoplan "Lun" included up to 236th division of ekranoplan ships of the Caspian flotilla. At the time of December 2001, the ekranoplan project "Lun" is not respected by the warehouse of the fleet of the Russian Federation, so we will write it off. Vіn buv mothballing at the dry dock beat the Dagdizel plant near Kaspіysk. All the secret electronics was built in a warehouse.

It was planned to create a large rocket ekranoplane of the "Lun" type, but through financial problems, and the plans were not implemented in the future. Tim is no less, at the time of the work on the creation of ekranoplanes in project 903, one more ship "Lun" was being created, but there were no completions.

Ekranoplan of creations behind a flying scheme to a monoplane with a trapezoidal wing near the plan. Structurally, the ship includes a hull, a wing with end washers and a T-like tail with control kerms. At the nose of the "Lunya" there is a horizontal pylon, on which they are trimmed in the engine nacelles of the high head engines NK-87. On top of the hull, under the hood to the horizon, six containers of Moskit anti-ship missiles were installed.

The hull is 19 meters high and 73 meters deep, divided by bulkheads into ten water-tight windows. At the middle part, there is a center section of the krill, and under the bottom of the rotting, there is a hydraulic extension (stays when planting). The hull has three decks, which are used to accommodate the service equipment and the rocket complex. Viconan body made of pressed panels, sheet and profile materials made of aluminum-magnesium alloy. The thickness of the sheathing is from 4 to 12 mm.

The wingspan is 44 meters, and the area is 550 square meters. Vono vikonane sucilnometalevim and maє bagatolonzheronnuyu design. The wings are waterproof, the wings are creamy and the wings are flared. At chotiriokh vіdsіkakh the krіl was placed palely. Kіntsevі washers mayut obtіchnu form and є sutsіlnometalevimi zvarnii konstruktsiyami. The fins are divided into twelve sections and can be riveted to the structure from sheets and profiles.

The stabilizer is sucilnometal and may have an area of 227 square meters. The ending of the vikonan is made of polystyrene, and the outer and inner surfaces are lined with scloplastic. Kіl sutsіlnometalevy and bagatolonzheronny, yogo sheathing є welded from pressed panels. Kermo height is represented by sections on the skin board. Kermo is directly folded from the lower and upper sections.

The lower part of the hull is covered with lacquer-farb coatings along with tread protection against corrosion.

For the sake of tamannі risi of ships and lethal devices, and also the survivors of those small and quiet and others.

Opponents of vikoristannya ekranoplanes vikoristovuyut vodpovidnu argumentation. "The problem was that the ekranoplan was responsible for the brains of a strong supporter of the enemy, and the great ships, the anti-aircraft defenses and the speed of the move, as if they leaned on the equals of a quiet-moving flier, roaring Lun is very different."

From the other side, "shards of the offensive potential of carrying missiles are richer than the defensive one, survival under a blow at an air strike is very uncertain. A sea battle - having poured in on the enemy and defense in a plethora - having become irrational, it has become unique. without entering the zone of enemy opposition.

In addition, the Ekranoplan Lun is a vessel for appointments and to vindicate him following us in front of the courts, and not with the aircraft. In pairs with the advanced combat ships that vibrate in the world, the Lun ekranoplan can ten times outweigh the ships.

Another ship was also laid down as a missile carrier, but the collapse of the Radyansky Union was negatively recognized for the financial support of the military-industrial complex. We tried to complete the life of another ekranoplan like a poshukovo-ryatuval vessel, called "Ryatuvalnik". Ekranoplan maw but possessing not only special protective equipment, but also mother on board the hospital, building to receive 150 victims. In a critical situation, up to 500 points can be praised on board. Work behind this project in the 90s, through a shortage of finance, was frozen for 75% of the ship's readiness level.

On the 21st of the fall of 2011, information appeared about those that the Russian Viyskian Virishi were involved in the development of ekranoplans, and the ekranoplans, which are no longer available, will be disposed of in the next month. As a high-ranking representative of the Ministry of Defense:

“At the state defense defense for 2011-2020, the fate of the financing of the development and the life of the ekranoplanes has not been transferred. Number of ships during the day and in the plans for the development of the Navy for the next ten years ... Navit rozmovi about їkh vіdrodzhennya not conducted. At the same time, the fleet may have a lot of other serious tasks, no longer so bold as before. Please, for better, don’t be more delusional.”

However, in the wake of the news from ZMI Nizhny Novgorod, there was a novelty about some activists who want to save the Lun missile ekranoplan like a museum complex. Because of the method of stench, they sent a sheet to the Ministry of Defense and took it away, in which it was advised about the possibility of transferring to that party, as if it were an official letter to the municipality. As a result of this activity, a petition was created, addressed to the administration of the city, to save the unique missile carrier. At the same time, the administration announced that the deputy of the rocket carrier Lun, according to the words of the administration, would be very expensive to implement the museum with the Ryatuvalnik ekranoplane. In this rank, at the time of the cob of 2013, Lun rock had not yet been utilized. In the spring of 2013, the administration decided to transport the Ryatuvalnik from the Volga plant for museum needs, and at some point the share of the Lun rocket carrier was left unattended.

Wingspan - 44.00 m
Dovzhina - 73.80 m
Height - 19.20 m
Creel area-550.00 m2
Masa:
empty litak - 243000 kg
maximum weight - 380000 kg
Engine type - NK-87
Thrust - 8 x 13000 kgf
Maximum speed - 500 km / year
Practical range - 2000 km
The height of the screen on the screen is 1-5 m
Seaworthiness - 5-6 points
Crew - 10 people.
Design: 6 anti-ship missile launchers ZM-80 Moskit

The majestic combat ekranoplan-missile carrier "Lun" today is forgotten and only deak fakhivtsi remember about him. With a mass of 243 tons, half of what could become a costly advance, an ekranoplane could immediately be flown at a height of 5 m above the surface, which led to a speed of 500 km / year. Until this hour, “Lun” cannot have analogues and can be allowed, which will not be in the nearest future.

Vіn was a middle ship and an aircraft, which looked like a ship on a cushioned cushion, but turned them over for all their characteristics in different ways. A miracle of engineering thought, to sink a ship with one salvo, rotting at the dock on the Caspian Sea at once.

Rozrobka "Lunya" rose in 1969. at the CCL according to the SVK (for vessels from underwater krills) im. R.Є. Aleksiev near Nizhny Novgorod under the head designer V. Kirilovikh. In the same place, it was planned to produce a series of several ekranoplanes of this type. For the large-scale life of "Lunya" near Feodosiya (Crimea), a unique collection complex, a warehouse shop of some kind of insurance for one hour, the life of six ekranoplanes of the "Lun" class, was built. In 1987 ekranoplan zdіysniv first last flight on the Caspian Sea, and 1990 r. buv transfers from the last operation of the Navy of the SRSR.

At the time of the barrel, the “Moon” was 2 schools of Budov Ekranoplaven - Radyanska (R.N. Alexev) Zi Krilu Krilu Tu Zakhidna (A. Lippish) with the Trikutny Kriloma vigilant Type Latinsky Liter V. Vimagal Bilshoi, he was stripped great flexibility and the ability to win the ekranoplan for benefits in the aircraft mode.

The prototype of the "Lunya" was the ekranoplane "Caspian Monster". On the vіdmіnu vіd lіtak, "Lun" not maw and independently come ashore not in a moment. A dry floating dock is needed for permanent deployment.

According to the length (73.8 m) and the height (19.2 m) "Lun" was defrauding the "Caspian monster". With a wingspan of krill at 44 m, the bearing area was 550 sq. m. m. In combination with such characteristics, the flight "Lunya" was safe with a maximum speed of 500 km / year for a distance of up to 2000 km at an altitude of 1-5 m above the surface with a sea level of 5-6 balls. Ekranoplan MAV 6 launchers of anti-ship missiles ZM-80 "Moskіt". With a crew of 11 officers (7 officers, 4 midshipmen) "Lun" could fly autonomously up to 5 days.

The movement of the ekranoplan zdiisnyuvavsya behind the screen effect (“reinforced pillow”), which is less at altitudes up to 10 m. At the same time, because the center of the pilot force was closer to the trailing edge of the wing, the control of the ekranoplan required specific skills. Tim is not less, "Lun" maw high seaworthiness and a moment of gold and sitting at a whil of 3 m and 3.5 m is clear.

Rocket ekranoplan project 903 "Lun" (serial number C-31)

At the thought of fakhivtsiv, a unique bula was a power plant for a combat ekranoplan. The won was formed from eight turbojet double-circuit engines NK-87, which were the marine modification of engines for the Il-86 aircraft.

An exhausted supersonic missile with a direct-flow propulsion engine could sink any warship of the NATO countries to the bottom. From the beginning of the 80s. they began to equip new destroyers, zokrema with a missile. that "Lun". Її the main recognition was the demise of the aircraft-carrying rich or strike groups of the enemy navy in cooperation with other forces of the fleet. In the United States, this rocket was called "Aircraft carriers".

In the operational-tactical plan, "Lun" maw has a lot of advantages. Vіd lіtakіv vіn vіdіznyavsya bіlshoy ekonomіchnіstyu vantageopіdіomnіstyu. Behind the fast, combative and vantazhopidyomnimi characteristics, the ekranoplan turned over the vessel on the resurfaced cushion and underwater wings, it was not very memorable for the ship's radars and was more tenacious. Through the use of similar technology and success in the United States, a special commission was created to liquidate the “Russian breakthrough”.

The end of the American plans supported the collapse of the Radyansky Union. The organization of the TsKL shodo SPK denied permission to the Derzhkomoronprom and the Ministry of Defense to conduct negotiations with the Americans under the patronage of the Commission for Export Control of the Ozbroennya, military equipment and technologies of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. To cover the subject of the negotiations, a company was created under the name "Russian-American Science" (RAS), which became the mediator in the negotiations between the delegations of overseas tradesmen from the ceramics and the specialists of the CCL from the SPK. Then the Russian side organized the observation by the American representatives of the base in Kaspiysk, and the stench, without borders, observed in detail everything that chimed.

With the collapse of the SRSR, the koshtiv morning "Lunya" did not become. However, 1990-1991 pp. For this part in the Caspian Sea, a handful of people were trained by the sea. Based on the results, it was determined that ekranoplanes could be good sea ratuvalniks. Surface ships do not arrive quickly in the area of the accident, and the ekranoplanes can land in stormy minds in the area of the ship or the ship, which you know is bad. And with the help of hydroplanes and helicopters in pairs with ekranoplanes, there is a lot less vantazhopidyomnist, range and seaworthiness.

Another "Lun", which was known at the warehouse shop, had a moment of reconstruction at the "Ryatuvalnik" ekranoplan "Ryatuvalnik". For a golden mass of 400 tons and a cruising speed of 360 km / year, the range of flight reached 3000 km. It was planned to have an ekranoplan with special protective equipment and mothers on board a 150-horsespital, and in a critical situation - 500-horsepower. Ale, through marriage, the financing of the work for this project was frozen for 95% of Ryatuvalnik's readiness.

At this time of the month, "Ryatuvalnik" is definitely not in the house, but "Lun" is rusty in the dots on the Caspian Sea.

List of selected materials:

Vlad Zakharov