Breeze of the small intestine. Bowel breech. Duplex queue Yak viglyadaє breeze of the small intestine


Zm_st those "Topography of the spleen. The bottom over the black empty.":









Bridle of the transverse colon, Mesocolon transversum, located in a transverse straight line at the level of the II transverse ridge. Behind her, the right-hander of the lower end of the nirka, the lower and upper part of the twelve-fingered intestine, the lower edge of the lower end of the bowel, and the lower edge of the lower end of the nyrka, the lower edge of the lower end.

Visota breech of the transverse colon to reach a large or maybe 15-20 cm, the transverse rim of the intestine hangs down, attaching the hinges small intestine... It is also necessary to remember the same, from which to repair the great edge of the great omentum, which covers the lower loops of the small intestine.

Under the root of the breech of the transverse colon intestine lіvoruch at tіla II-III of the transverse ridge of the transverse ridge of the transitions of the twelve-fingered intestine into the tosha, flexura duodenojejunalis. Immediately after the vigine, a bad gut was repaired.

Duodenal lagging. Topography of duodenal zagliblennya.

Behind the vigin, evil is from above є upper duodenal lagging, recessus duodenalis superior (duodenojejunalis). It is surrounded in front of the upper duodenal fold of the quill, plica duodenalis superior (plica duodenojejunalis), stretched between the vigine and the root of the bridle of the transverse rim intestine, at the back - by the parietal leaf quill of the back

Opening of the upper duodenal zagliblennya brutally left, yogo glybin is insignificant. However, in vipads, if recessus duodenalis superior is better, it is more possible to fix the internal grizzly, instead of it there will be intestinal loops. Gryzhovim with a little bear at the end of the fall of the line. Such a gryzh is called hryzhiv duodenal loss, abo Griez Treitz .

It is much faster to see from other lower duodenal lagging Recessus duodenalis inferior

At the end of the small (club) intestine in the passage to the slice (ileocecal cut), it is also established perishing parietal queue. Between the upper edge of the thermal end of the club intestine and the medial surface of the vischid rim intestine є upper loss - recessus ileocaecalis superior; between the lower surface of the thermal end of the small intestine and the wall of the slit - recessus ileocaecalis inferior.

In coverage both gagged take the fate of the queue fold, plica ileocaecalis. Recessus retrocaecalis is located behind the intestine.

Have qihs perished there can also be a variety of internal (ileocecal) grids.

At the main video anatomy of surfaces, channels, bags, quill and omental opening

- (mesacolon) duplikatura of the neoplasm, behind the help of which the colon is attached to the posterior cranial wall. Call on the older people to see only the breeze of the transverse and sigmoid colon (sigmoid mesocolon), like ... Tlumachny vocabulary of medicine

Mesocolon- duplikatura of the gut, behind the help of which the rim gut is attached to the posterior cervical wall. Call on the older people to see only the breeze of the transverse and sigmoid colon (sigmoid mesocolon), which are attached. Medical terms

dorsal breech- (mesenterium dorsale; syn.: rear breech, back breech) fold, which is established in the embryo from the visceral leaf of the ventral mesoderm and the intestinal tube to the posterior (dorsal) wall of the body; from B. d. the great omentum is developed. The great medical vocabulary

Herbal system- Provision of the organism with the necessary energy, as well as for the renewal of the client and the growth of the living talk. Herbal apparatus for people performing with a herb pipe, great herbal vines ... Atlas of human anatomy

Peritoneum- (peritoneum) to be stored from one to one visceral (internal) and parietal (pristinous) leaves, between which the empty cavalry (cavum peritonei) (Fig. 158), which is also a folding system like Atlas of human anatomy

Obodova gut- (colon) oblyamovu loops of the small intestine and fall on the upper, transverse, lower and sigmoid. Visible rim intestine (colon ascendens) (Fig. 151, 159, 171) Її the back surface is not covered with a string that ... Atlas of human anatomy

Slipa gut- (caecum) (Fig. 151, 159, 170, 171) є a cob-like shape of your intestine and a small, little-like little gin from 3 to 8 cm. As a rule, you will have to curl up with a necklace. From the posterior medial stage, lower than the medial depression. Atlas of human anatomy

Brizhkova chastina- the small intestine is located in the lower part of the void, and the diameter becomes 4 6 m, and the diameter is 2 4 cm. The proximal view of the small intestine is called the jejunum (Fig. 151, 158, 169, 171), approx. and without visible cordons. Atlas of human anatomy

Slunk- At the upper left part of the queue, a shlun (gaster, s. Ventriculus) (Fig. 151, 158, 159, 160) grows an organ that processes herbal juices for help. The shape and size of the slurry can change in the fallowness from the bottom to the top, but to take place. Atlas of human anatomy

Pidshlunkova zalosa- (Pancreas) (Fig. 151, 158, 159, 169) is a large (up to 16 22 cm and 60 80 g) podozhina grass, so that it grows behind the shlunk on the edges of the XI XII lower pectoral and I II transverse ridges. Pidshlunkova zalosa ... ... Atlas of human anatomy

Organize empty waste- Front view. Shlunok, brijova part of the intestinal tract that part of the transverse rim intestine is visible, the stove is burned down. zhovchny mikhur; the rights of the part of the pechinka; pechinkovo ​​two hundred and twenty-five ringing; round sound of the stove; tail part of the stove; top ... ... Atlas of human anatomy

An independent organ, which is a viscous, pookrivnu, endocrine, sudinn, immune function - intestinal breech. Stretching out hundreds of rocky voyages, well, the connection is necessary for people only to attach the organs to the inner surface of the black emptying, that is, for direct movement.

The peculiarities of Budovia, blood postures, innervations, put a mark on the development and overrun of the onset of ailments:

  • rectal cancer;
  • fired;
  • diverticulum;
  • heart ailments;
  • diabet;
  • dismetabolic syndrome;
  • constipation;
  • pidvischena va tila.

Fired up

The breeze reacts to the heat, which can develop in all forms of the intestinal tract.

Get lost before the process during the processes:

  • nonspecific reddened colitis;
  • peritonitis;
  • gnіynі vognischa, roztashovanі bіlya nirok and spleenki.

Zapalennya brizhі - mesenteritis is not a specific symptom, it is diagnosed as a self-inflicted illness in the region, it is rapidly accelerated by the adhesion process that intestinal laxity.

The firing of lymph nodes in the brigis is called mesenteric lymphoma. Filling can be found:

  • specific, for example, with tuberculosis;
  • nonspecific - with adenoviral infections, enterovirus infections, staphylococcal infections, intestinal infections, for example, salmonellosis.

When the diverticulum is established, the intestinal tract is found, they will inevitably have a congestion of feces that burned. Dovgo in-line infection is carried out until the stacks of the diverticulum are punctured in the breeze. Gradually, the process expands and grows behind the urinary phlegmon - pour the hot fatty tissue of the cell's spaces.

The lymph nodes of the intestine can be susceptible to firing as a blisky blisk, as well as a chronic malaise reaction. If it is more hospitable to become ill, it is easier to diagnose and find it easier, because the symptoms of it grow rapidly, the patients become early animals to the drug. Tse sutta will reduce the result of the disease.

Next topic: General information about rectal cancer

Kvoroba Krona

Autoimmune disease is an enemy of the shlunkovy-intestinal tract, in the main intestine, before the process of lymphatic judgment that vuzli brizhi. The stench of growing up in the midst of a conglomeration of great times. To see the pathology of the surgical path.

Pukhlini and anomalies in development

Efforts to be satisfied with the new ones to the bad and the good. Previously, the bowel brushes were put to fluffy, good mouthfuls. Niny to get involved, as well as anomalies in development.

Кіstа brizhі is thin easily wounded stinks without a meat ball. Вміст - рідина. In case of abdominal injuries, the bones break through, instead of wagging into the empty hole.

Lipomas, lymphogranulomatosis, fibromas are known to be good-looking fluffy. Stinks, as a rule, are many, often bitter.

Prior to anomalies in the development of the following:

  • turn up;
  • unforgiven;
  • twist.

When the brisket is not overgrown, a loop of intestine is introduced through the defect, and a sharp bile develops, like a legacy of the loops of the intestine. With the diagnosis "gostry zhivit", the patients are taken to the operative style.

Anomalies in development most often appear in an early child.

Malicious new solutions

There are such puffs:

  • sarcoma;
  • endothelioma.

At the III, IV stations, cancer of the small intestine, swollen tissue to fight the breeches, and lymphatic vuzli and sudini.

There are no specific symptoms of the disease. The obvious beating in the stomach does not alert the sick. Zduttya abdomen of the patient will be tied up from the damaged children and, according to the medical help, will be able to gnaw around the edge.

The reason for the beating is the development of the small intestine part of the abnormalities. Diagnosis will be established before the hour of the operation.

Brizha to take care of oncological diseases of the intestine. Trap metastases from distant organs, right up to neurogenic fluff.

Great nіshu middle of the pukhlin occupy metastasis. It is necessary to learn about the peculiarities of blood circulation, budgetary lymph nodes and universities.

Next topic: Yak to clean the intestines in the home drain?

The lymphatic hedge of the breeze picks up the lymphatic from the organs of the black empty: intestines, liver, shlunk, slurry, chewing mikhur. Lymphatic vessels in the brigi were 6 times more, less blood-bearing. The number of lymphatic universities reaches 300 - 350. In case of any pathology of the abdominal organs, including with malignant puffs, the breeze will start working before the process.

Sudinly ill

When there is a pathology of blood circulation in the brig, it is important to obstruct life.

See impaired blood circulation:

  • in the upper bridal vein - thrombosis;
  • at the upper brijovaya artery - occlusion.

If the breech is judged to sound, ischemia and infarction of the small intestine develop.

Causes of severely impaired blood circulation:

  1. Blinking arrhythmia.
  2. Vices of the heart.
  3. Heart valve prostheses.
  4. Sudin atherosclerosis.
  5. Adoption of blood flow, for example, with trivial use of contraceptive drugs.
  6. Fired up organs of empty waste.
  7. Reducing arterial vise.
  8. Acceptance of heart glucosides.
  9. Angina pectoris, ischemic heart disease.
  10. Znevodnennya.
  11. Systemic fever with a resultant tissue, which is supervised for uterine fever of sudin: systemic chervonia vovchak, hemorrhagic vasculitis, high periarthritis, dermatomyositis, rheumatoid arthritis.

key picture

Strongly perejmopodіbna, raptus vinnik bіl in the belly, a chunk of rosette bіlya navel. Ale duzhe shvidko widen all over the belly, old and poured out and statiynoyu. Such symptoms of intoxication, such as constipation, carry-over, fever, bloating, nausea, decreased appetite do not seem to be of diagnostic value. The stench comes with all the illnesses, which are supervised into toxicity.

When the abdomen is coated, there is a sharp soreness, zduttya.

Suddenly sickness may be a catastrophic result, which leads to the death of the great bowels of the intestine. Gangrene, peritonitis, fever, sepsis develop.

Lykuvannya khirurgicne, for a vinyat systemic illnesses with good fabrics. In general, it is wonderful to help the therapy of the main ailment.

Trauma

Razriv Brizhі - to add some kind of injury.

In case of a penetrating trauma to the abdomen, 20% of patients are susceptible to breeding. For the closed - in 25% of the sufferers.

The intestines are carried to the organs herbal tract. Tsei viddil the shlunkovo-intestinal tract is the greatest prosvit. In the intestine, there is a form of feces, as well as moisture from over-etched grubs. The whole organ is divided into 5 anatomical views. One of them is the transverse rim gut. Vona є central viddilom. As well as in the small parts of the intestine, pathological processes can develop in them. A doctor-gastroenterologist and a surgeon are involved in the treatment of this organ.

Anatomical budova transverse colon intestine

The transverse cut of the rim of the gut is shattered between the lower and lower parts. Vin pass from pechin to splenic vigina. The lateral sawdust of the stitching at the loop of the loop. Vіn can be found even below the level of the umbilical ring. In some cases, the transverse rim intestine reaches the small pelvis. For dovzhinoyu won vvazhaya naydovshoyu (close to 50 cm).

All the middle of the views is a mucous membrane. Single-ball cylindrical epithelium whistled across the transverse intestine. The platyvka of the mucous membrane is stored from the fibrous fabric. They have a lot of extraordinary deposits and purchases of lymph cells. In the pid-mucous ball, blood-bearing and lymphatic judgment, as well as nerves. Myazova shell is represented by smooth muscles. By stretching the transverse-rim intestine є 3 sphinkteri. The first one is located at the proximal viddil, the other is at the middle part, the third is at the splenic vigina.

The breech of the transverse rim intestine is roasted along the posterior stance of the abdomen. They have a blood-bearing and lymphatic judgment. The transverse intestine is covered with a gut from the sides. That won’t be referred to the intraperitoneal anatomical statements.

The value of the transverse colon in organism

Cross є middle. Vіn vikonu such functions:

  1. Vyroblennya secret, as if necessary to formulate the final products - extras. Ekzokrinnі zalozi take the fate of the split klіtkovini.
  2. Prosuvannya vm_stu intestinal enlightenment. There are also specialists in the presence of special strokes - gaustres, as well as sphinkters.
  3. Moisture from chemus, fatty vitamins, glucose and amino acids.

The transverse rim gut is of great importance, therefore all the functions are necessary for the herbal process. In education, there are a lot of bacteria, as they become normal microflora. The stench is necessary for the preparation of acid-puddles. On the other hand, the normal microflora takes care of the fate of the inactivation of pathogenic bacteria.

Transverse rim intestine: topography

The viscera of the transverse form of the intestine has been rostered by etching organisms. Among them are the pechinka, zhovchny mikhur, spleenka. In front, the transverse intestine is lying down to the anterior cranial wall. Palpation is available to that. The lower edge of the organ lies down to the slush of the small intestine. Behind the roasted pidshlunkov zalosa, liva nirka and DPK. The anatomical confirmation of the emergence from the transverse colon behind the auxiliary mesacolon - the breech. Vaughn will be sure of the bloodstending that will see the light of the day.

Between the transverse rim intestine and the great curvature of the shlunk, the gland is removed. Win will make the call. The blood supply to the organ is seen in the form of the upper and lower brigade artery.

Causes of pathologies of the transverse colon

Cutting the transverse section of the colon can be done without delay other reasons... In some cases, the disease is formed in an early child, or in the intrauterine period. Tse v_dbuvaєtsya through improper placement of tissue of the fetus. Prior to the other causes of pathology, there are such events:

  1. Mekhanichne ushkodennya mucous membrane of the intestine.
  2. Bacterial and viral patches.
  3. Functional derangement, which has occurred in cases of neurological ailments.
  4. Chemistry activities.
  5. Viniknennya new solution in the enlightenment of the transverse colon.
  6. Gostre and chronic deterioration of blood circulation in Brigov's vessels.
  7. Chronic destructive processes.

All the reasons are to cause damage to the function of the transverse colon intestine. As a result, pickling is observed. Most pathological conditions require treatment. Also, for every day of the day, the fecal mass and the intoxication of the whole body.

Infection of the transverse cavity of the intestine

In case of pain in the abdomen, it is followed by anger, and the transverse colon is not affected. Symptoms of the disease can be rather small. Clinically, show to lie in the pathological process, which has developed in the patient. You can see the following groups of transverse colon disease:

In an early child, congenital pathology of the intestine appears. Before them Girshsprung's ailment, mucoviscidosis, megacolon are mentioned.

Symptoms of pathology of the transverse rim intestine

Prior to the sign of an affliction of the transverse-rim intestine, it is possible to carry out: bile, deterioration of the consistency in viporozhnen and the act of defecation, symptoms of intoxication. Inconsistency in the area of ​​the navel, or trochi lower for the second level, can be prevented in case of any pathological condition. If you are sick with intestinal infections, then there will be a lot of swings. At the end of the day, there is a partial viporozhnennya, which can be a revenge of a small house - mucus, shelter. In case of certain infectious processes, feces swell with a characteristic color and smell (in the viglyad "swamp mud", "toad ikri", "rice vidvar"). Dysentery is characterized by swirling spasms in all abdomens and poses on the act of defecation.

With chronic ignition processes Periodically, there is an inappropriate appearance in the stomach, diarrhea, and a change in the air. Poshkozhennya intestines to produce up to vyrazok virazok, scho bleed.

Loss of damage, congestion of fecal matter and congenital anomalies to develop to the development of intestinal obstruction. Tse zhvoryuvannya is reported to gostrich surgical stanіv. Regardless of the reason, she called to failure, additional help is needed indefinitely.

Good for the intestines

The good fluff of the transverse rim of the intestine can be found in any tissue, as it becomes the wall of the organ. Before the development of the group, there is a problem: polyp, myoma, fibroma, hemangioma. A good new solution is characterized by the fact that the stench grows in the enlightened body, not hostile to the stinks. The most common type of fluff is infused with the polyp of the transverse rim of the intestine. Wine є with a small nap, we turn at an empty organ. With small sizes of illumination, polyp may not appear. However, it is necessary to see it. Through the continuous passage of feces through the intestines, the good poohlina will start to bleed, or it may bleed for the conception of information. Є a high risk of being overgrown into an oncological process.

Malignant puffs of the transverse form of the intestine

Cancer of the transverse colon of the intestine is hostile to people who have been abducted, but may develop in young patients. Most often, there is a history of chronic inflammation pathologies, polyposes. Before the symptoms of cancer, there is blistering, broken down, with great swelling - intestinal obstruction. In the case of foreign patients, patients cannot accept it, it means an increase in inguinal lymph universities, an increase in temperature, and a thinning and weakness.

Transverse rim intestine: pathology detection

Likuvannya disease of the transverse colon can be conservative and operative. In the first place, antibacterial drugs (drugs "Ciprofloxacin", "Azithromicin"), antibacterial drugs are used. Diarrhea is indicated before rehydration therapy. Ridin should be administered in a new way. Yakshcho the patient's camp is zadovilny, give me a drink. mineral water, Razchin "Regidron". In important cases, ridin should be injected at the vein. In case of diarrhea, prescribe medications "Smecta", "Hilak-forte", which help to normalize the intestinal tract.

In case of destructive and oncological illnesses, an operation is performed. Vona polyagaє in the resection of the transverse-rim intestine and sshivanny vilnykh kіntsіv. For a surgical engagement, it is necessary to see children, some of the updated functions of the body will not be seen immediately.

The brizhkova part of the small intestine grows in the lower end of the black empty, under the breech of the transverse rim of the intestine (div. Fig.,). Vona repaired at the twelve-fingered viginu, evil from the I (II) transverse ridge. Lower її boundary - at the right zyuhvinnіy pits on the level of IV transverse ridge. The diameter of the gallbladder part of the small intestine in the cob part is 4.8-5.0 cm, in the distal part - 2.7-3.0 cm. attachment to the brigi.

Bryzhkov part of the small intestine for a number of signs (div. skinny gut, jejunum, distal 3/5 - duct intestine, ileum; the sharp cordon is not a man for them.

The loops of the small intestine may be more low-lying and straight: 6-7 loops of the proximal side (small intestine) are folded horizontally and occupy the left upper part of the lower part of the lower on top of the black empty and the umbilical area; 7-8 loops of the distal viddilu (club intestine) are vertical, occupy the pedicle, the right abdominal wall and the empty pelvis. In the small basin, the remains of the loops of the intestinal tract rose before the transition to the endovian vesicle, as well as the rest can be directly from the bottom up and to the right (upper side) into the ductal fossa. In addition, the loops of the small intestine roztashovani in two balls.

At the brijovaya part of the small intestine two edges: brijovy, yakim intestine is fixed to brijovy, and prototypic vilny. In the area of ​​the brigade edge, the nerves go up to the bowel wall.

The walls of the brijovaya part of the small intestine are stored in three sharіv: serous, mucous and mucous membranes (div. fig., B).

Serosa oblonka, tunica serosa, oblyaga gut called from three sides, overflowing with a little vuz'ku on the edge of the breech, de offending leaves of the breech, going up to the bowel, spread out on the other side.

With the greasy meaty sheath of the serous sheath, go for help pidserous basis, tela subserosa.

M'yazova obolonka, tunica muscularis, to be stored in two balls of smooth meat fibers: late ball, stratum longitudinale, and internal - circular ball, stratum circulare.

Sliza mucosa, tunica mucosa, be stored from an epithelial cover with a plate, lamina muscularis mucosae, і submucosa, tela submucosa... I'll make a slime shellє circular folds, plicae circulares(div. fig.,), maє intestinal villi, villi intestinales, that crypt, in which ducts appear intestinal glands, glandulae intestinales and also lymphatic follicles, folliculi lymphatici, that is, all those statements, like (with the blame of duodenal zalosis), stuck mucous membranes of the duodenal intestine. Growth in budovy cich is set in the offensive: in the brijovy part of the small intestine the number of circular folds is less, less in the twelve-palate intestines, and from the small intestine to the club intestine the number of steps decreases, and in the small intestine the number of circular folds is less. The initial number of folds in the small intestine ranges from 500 to 1200. At the same endpoint (from the ear to the end of the small intestine), the height of the folds decreases.

The villi in the brijovy part of the small intestine are large and small and short, less in the twelve-fingered. The number of them changes at the distal tension; in thin intestines, the number of reach is 30-40, in zduhvinny -18-30 per 1mm2; Dovzhina and tovschina їkh also change.

Misce depressions of the club intestine in slipu - ileocecal opening, ostium ileoceale, framed by a lid-like flap with a swelling at the side of the intestine. ileocecal valve, valva ileocecalis (valva ilealis).

Have submucosa, tela submucosa, brijovaya part of the small intestine single lymphatic follicles, folliculi lymphatici solitarii, scho reach the surface of the mucous membrane; the size of їх is suitable for millet grain, the number reaches 200. In addition, at the end of the small intestine there are selected groups of lymphatic follicles - group lymphatic follicles, folliculi lymphatici aggregati(Div. Fig. 506). The stench roztashovuyutsya on the protylezhny brigi of the region, lighten up to 2-10 cm, width 1-3 cm; The number of them in the small intestine reaches 30-40.

Topography of the brijovaya part of the small intestine

The brizhkova part of the small intestine is located in the central position in the lower verso of the black empty, rostashovuyuchis lower for the breeze of the transverse rim of the intestine. On the right, at the top and the bottom of the loop of the small intestine, it is lined with a viscid (right-handed), transverse (above), low (livoruch) rim intestine. In front of the loop of the small intestine, cover it, like an apron, a great omentum, go down along the great curvature of the slunk and the lower edge of the transverse intestine of the rim and outward from the anterior cranial wall. The posterior surface of the small intestine is lying down to the parietal quill, which is curved to the right of the root of the breech bottom part two-fingered intestines, the head of the lump of the tree, the lower end of the right nyrka, the right groove, the right great transverse muzzle, and more than the root of the bridle - the lower end of the livy nyrka, the livy end of the tree, the mid-wood Malice and below, to the slush of the small intestine, adhere to the sigmoid rim intestine with its own breech.

In the empty small pelvis, the loops of the small intestine lie down anteriorly - to the slit, to the back - to the rectum, and in the female - to the uterus and appendages.

Kintseviy іddіl of the club intestine overflows the right great transverse muzzle і right of the zalnі klubovі of the court.

Innervation: dvadtsyatipala intestine - plexus gastrici, hepaticus, mesentericus superior and gilki n. vagus; brijov's part of the small intestine - plexus coeliacus, mesentericus superior. In the intestine, a wide intestinal gossip (plexus entericus) grows, tied with plexus mesentericus superior, one by one: plexus submucosus, plexus myentericus (between circular and later subserosus balls), plexus subserosus.

Bloodletting: two-fingered guts - aa. pancreatoduodenales superior, anterior et posterior (z a. gastroduodenalis) and a. pancreatoduodenalis inferior (for mesenterica superior); brijov's chastin - aa. іntestinalіv (from a. mesenterica superior). Venous roof behind the same veins straight to v. portae. Lymphatic judges carry lymph to nodi lymphatici pancreatoduodenales superiores, colici (from two gut), mesenterici, ileocolici.