Spoluki sirki. Steps of oxidized water in the background. Formulas with half-sirki. Syrka. Sirvoden. sulfide

Sirka, її physical and chemical authorities. Biological meaning of syrki, її zasosuvannya (demercurization).

Sulfur in nature

native sirka

PbS - lead blisk

Cu 2 S- midniy blisk

ZnS - zinc blende

FeS 2 - pyrite, pyrite, kotya gold

H 2 S- sirwater (in mineral dzherels and natural gas)

CaSO 4 * 2H2 O- hips

MgSO 4 * 7H2 O- girka sil (English)

Na 2 SO 4 * 10 H 2 O- glauber's sil (mirabilite)

Physical power

Solid crystalline speech of the same color, unbreakable near the water, water does not get wet (floating on the surface), t ° bale = 445 ° С.

One of the special physical powers of sirka -flotationThe goodness of the powder splicing water, which is great crystals to sink near the water. On the right, where the water does not sink in, and the particles are trimmed on the surface of the water, and other bulbs stuck to them by the rakhunok.The power of viciousness when seeing native seeds from houses. The ore is shallowed, flooded with water, and from below it is blown out by the winds, a splash of water, and the houses are filled with water at the bottom.

allotropy

For serki, there is a characteristic sprinkle of allotropic modifications, ale nibilsh vіdomі vidosmіni:rhombic (Crystalline) , monoclinna(Holchasta)  і plastic .

Rhombic (a - сірка) - S 8 t ° pl. = 113 ° C; ρ = 2.07 g / cm 3. The best possible modification.	Monoclinna (b - sirka) - S 8 dark-colored heads, t ° pl. = 119 ° C; ρ = 1.96 g / cm3. Steak at temperatures down to 96 ° С; with witty minds, it will be transformed into rhombus.	Plastic S n brown gum-like (amorphous) mass. Nestiyka, when solidified, it will turn into a diamond.
		REMOVING PLASTIC

Budova atom of sirka

Distribution of electronics by level and sublevel

	main camp 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4
Distribution of electronics by orbitals (rest ball)	step oxidized	valence
		In the main camp
		Perche zbujeniy stan
		Another zbujeniy stan

otrimannya sіrki

1. Promisloviy method - viplavlenya from ore for an additional water bet.

2. Not completely oxidized water (with non-acidic acidity).

2H 2 S + O 2 = 2S + 2H 2 O

3. Reaction of Wackenroder

2H 2 S + SO 2 = 3S + 2H 2 O

Chemistry of power of the world

Сірка - oxidizing S 0 + 2ē→ S -2

sirka - lead official: S - 4ē→ S +4; S - 6ē→ S +6

1. Vzaєmodia sіrki siuse with lush and lug-earth metals, middy, mercury, siblomwithout heating: 2 Na + S→ Na 2 S DOSVID S + Hg = HgS Mercury is volatile. Її bet otruynі. Tsya reaction lies in the basis of the visual and magnetic mercury, for example, from a broken medical thermometer. Mіstya, because it is not possible to use a speck of mercury, to drizzle with a powder of sіrki. Syrka and mercury enter into a reaction when closed. The result is a cheeky, unintelligent and not dull speech. The whole process is called demercurization 2. Vzaєmodiya sіrkic with the smallest metals (crim Au, Pt) at adjustable t °: 2Al + 3S t → Al 2 S 3 Zn + S t ° → ZnS DOSVID Cu + S t → CuS DOSVID 3. Vzaєmodia sіrki zdeyakim non-metals for statements binarny spoluk: H 2 + S→ H 2 S 2P + 3S→ P 2 S 3 C + 2S→ CS 2

1. Vzaєmodіya sіrki with kisnem: S + O 2 t ° → S +4 O 2 2 S + 3 O 2 t °; pt → 2 S +6 O 3 2. Vzaєmodiya sіrkic halogens (except for iodine): S + Cl 2→ S +2 Cl 2 ** Vzaєmodiya sirki zacids - oxidizing agents: S + 2H 2 SO 4 (conc)→ 3S +4 O 2 + 2H 2 O S + 6HNO 3 (conc)→ H 2 S +6 O 4 + 6NO 2 + 2H 2 O ** Disproportionate reactions: 4. 3 S 0 + 6 KOH→ K 2 S +4 O 3 + 2 K 2 S -2 + 3 H 2 O

sucking

Vulcanization of rubber, rejecting ebonit, wiping out sirniks, gunpowder, in the fight with schoolchildren of the Silskoy government, for medical purposes (sirchan ointments for eliminating children from diseases, etc.), for rejecting acids

Home zavdannyaparagraph 21; right 1, 3, 4 side. 99-100.

dodatkovі zkhadanіya

Finish the standard reactions, p Set the performance using the electronic balance method, including an oxidizer, a forerunner.

# 2. Zdіysnіt revision behind the scheme:

Tse tsikavo ...

• Instead of sirki in the body of people weighing 70 kg - 140 g.
• Dobu people need 1 g of sirka.
• Green bagati peas, leaven, plastics, wheat, meat, riba, fruit and sic mango.
• Syrka should enter the storehouse of hormones, vitamins, bilks, won є in cartilage tissue, in hair, nigty. When there is a lack of sensation in the body, there is a lack of crispness of nigths and cysts, hair loss.

Enjoy your health!

Chi you know vi ..

• Spoluki sirki can serve as drugs;
• Сірка is the basis of ointment for the treatment of fungal diseases of the shkiri, for the fight against the scab. Sodium thiosulfate Na 2 S 2 O 3 victorious to fight for her.
• A lot of salts of hydrochloric acid and to dissolve crystallization water: ZnSO 4 × 7H 2 O і CuSO 4 × 5H 2 O. Їх zasosovuyut yak antiseptic use for smoothening the roslin and crushing grain in the fight with the schoolchildren of the Silskoy government.
• Zalizny vitriol FeSO 4 × 7H 2 O vicoristovy with anemia.
• BaSO 4 zasosovyat at roentgenographic dosages of the slunk і of the intestine.
• Alumokalіevі galun KAI (SO 4) 2 × 12H 2 O - blood-spinal growth in porosity.
• Mineral Na 2 SO 4 × 10H 2 I will call it "Glauber's power" in honor of the glaucous chemist of Glauber I.R. Not at all, but the slunker was designed to be accepted. One of the inhabitants of the city has sent him to the dzherel. Yak tilki vin vipiv a bottle of salt water, at once the soil is soaking. Glauber reached the water, then crystallized with Na 2 SO 4 × 10H 2 O. Contagion її zasosovyat yak is carried in medicine, with farbuvannі cotton-paper fabrics. You can also find it at the vyrobnitsvі skla.
• The trees can move the building of the soil from the ground and stimulate the clinging of the element with the suspended dews.
• Chasnik vidіlyaє rechovinu - albucid Tsya speech for getting sick, trusting for old, overcoming hearts for getting sick.

The group of chalcogenes includes sirka - a number of other elements, such as a great number of ore genera. Sulfates, sulphides, oxides, and spoluces, are even wider, important in industry and nature. To that, in the data of the statistics, it is clear, like the stench that rattles, but it is the sirka itself, and the speech is simple.

Syrka and її characteristics

The Danish element can also be found in the periodic system.

1. Shosta group, head of the group.
2. Third Maliy Period.
3. Atomic mass - 32.064.
4. The serial number is 16, protons and electrons of the style, neutrons are also 16.
5. Admitted to non-metallic elements.
6. The formulas read, yak "es", the name of the element is sirka, Latin sulfur.

In nature, there are chotiri stable isotopes with mass numbers 32.33.34 and 36. Denmark is the best element for widening in nature. Introduce to biogenic elements, so as to enter the store of important organic molecules.

Electronna budova atom

The spoluks of craws are tied with their own versatility to the peculiarities of the electronic budget of the atom. Vono turn the offensive configuration formula: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4.

The order is displayed when the stationary mill is installed. However, it seems that if the atom seems to have additional power, then it is possible to split the electrons into 3p and 3s-parallels, with a further transition to 3d, which seems to be valid. As a result, the change is not only in the valence of the atom, but in all possible stages of oxidation. It’s the number of meanings to increase, so it’s the number of words for the participation of the syrka.

Steps of oxidized water in the day

You can see a few of the main options for this indicator. For sіrki tse:

Among them, the most rare development is S +2, and they are pinky everywhere. From the stage of oxidized water in the bottom to deposit the chemical activity and oxidative health of all speech. So, for example, z'єднання з -2 - tse sulfidi. They have a typical oxidizing element.

Chim is the signified level of oxidation in the environment, with more swirling oxidative health as a result of volodya rechovina. It’s easy for a tsiom to turn over, if two basic acids are given, which will set the syrka:

• H 2 SO 3 - sirchista;
• H 2 SO 4 - sirchana.

Seemingly, the rest is more stable, stronger, the higher the concentration, even more serious to the oxidation.

simple talk

Yak simple speech sirka is a beautiful crystal of the same kind of living form. If I want only one of the forms, then there are two basic principles of speech. Persha, monoclinna or rhombic - tse і zhovte is unsuitable for razchinyatsya near the water, and deprived in organic retailers. See the crispness and beautiful shape of the structure, presented by the crown. Melting temperature - close to 110 0 С.

If you don’t miss the intermediate moment when such modifications are loaded, then you can instantly evolve the інshy camp - plastic sirku. Vona is a gum-like viscous brown color, which, when heated, or too coldly cold, will again turn into a diamond shape.

If you talk about the chemically clean sirka, with the lag of bagatoraz filtration, then there you have it, there are very small crystals, tendency and callous irregularities in the water. Zdatnі take care of contact with vologo and kisnіy povіtrya. I get a lot of chemistry activity.

Knowledge in nature

In nature, there is a natural genera, from which there are half-hearted ones, and it’s itself a simple word. Besides, there is no need to take revenge:

• in minerals, ores and ores;
• in organisms of tvarin, roslin and people, so how to enter the storehouse of organic molecules;
• in natural gases, oil and oil;
• in oil shale and natural waters.

You can name a small number of miners who are on the list:

• kinovar;
• pyrite;
• sphalerite;
• anti-money;
• galena and іnshі.

There is a great part of the won seasons of the year on the sirchanokysl virobnitstvo. Another part is victorious for medical purposes, the Silskoe government, industrial processes, and the practice of speech.

Physical power

Їх can be described in several points.

1. In water it is not rozchinnaya, in carbon disulfide or turpentine - it is good to go.
2. With a trivial grated, I accumulate a negative charge.
3. The melting temperature becomes 110 0 С.
4. Boiling temperature 190 0 С.
5. When reaching 300 0 С, it goes into the ridgeline, it is easy to collapse.
6. Purely speaking, self-borrowing fuels of power are even better.
7. By itself, the smell is practically not easy, however, water and half-cakes see a sharp smell of rotten eggs. So itself, as and deyaki gas-like binar representatives.

The physical power of the given speech of the Bully has been seen by people for a long time. Itself for its combustibility sіrka і took the name so. In vikorisovyvuvuyu stifling and vaping vapors, as they are molded in the heat of the day, as against the enemies. In addition, the acidity is also more important than the promiscuous value for the fate of the oil.

Cheerful authorities

Topic: "Syrka and її spoluky" in the school course in chemistry loan is not one lesson, but a kilka. Aje їkh duzhe bagato. It will be explained by the chemistry of this speech. You can show both oxidation power with more strong prototypes (metal, boron and іnshі), as well as with more non-metals.

However, they do not care about such activity, only with fluorine in conjunction with any kind of wits. Heating is required for all of them. It is possible to identify a number of categories of speech, with which there is a connection between the following:

• threw;
• nonmetals;
• meadows;
• strong oxidizing acids - syrchana and nitric.

Spoluki sirki: raznovodi

The versatility of these will be explained by the unequal values ​​of the oxidation stage of the main element - sirka. So, you can see a few of the main types of speeches for a lot of familiarity:

• z'єднання Зі oxidation stage -2;

If you look at the class, and not an indicator of valency, then the given element will fix such molecules, like:

• acid;
• oxide;
• salt;
• binarni spoluces with non-metals (sirkovuglets, chlorides);
• organic speech.

Now you can see the main ones from them and put your finger on them.

Recovini with oxidation step -2

Spoluki sirki 2 - tse її conformations with metals, as well as with:

• in coal;
• we get lost;
• phosphorus;
• silicon;
• mish'yak;
• boron.

In cich vipadkah, they are shown in the role of an oxidizing agent, since all the elements are more electrically positive. It is especially important to see them.

1. Сірковуглец - CS 2. Prozora rіdina with a characteristic receptive aroma of efіru. Є toxic, in flames and vibuhaє speech. Vikoristovuyutsya yak razchinnik, and for a large number of types of oils, fats, non-metals, medium nitrate, resins and rubbers. There is also an important part of the virobnity of the piece seam - viscozy. The promises are synthesized in great numbers.
2. Water sulphide or sulphide water - H 2 S. Gas, which can not be hardened and liquorice for relish. The smell is pungent, in the edge unacceptable, a rotten egg. Otruyny, drove the dyshal center, so yak po'yazu іoni mіdі. To that, when he is cut off, there is breath and death. It is widely used in medicine, organic synthesis, organic acid synthesis, and also in the capacity of energetically visible syruvine.
3. Sulphides of metals are widely used in medicine, in sulphate alcohol, discarded pharmaceuticals, in prepared luminophores and in other mice. The initial formula is Me x S y.

З'єднання Зі oxidation step +4

Spoluks of sirki 4 - all the more important oxide and related salts and acid. All the stench є to fill up with wide spikes, which may be more significant in the industry. There may appear to be oxidizing, and more often to manifest new power.

Formulas with half-grain with a step of oxidation +4 steps:

• oxide - pure gas SO 2;
• acid - pure H 2 SO 3;
• soli may give me the formula Me x (SO 3) y.

One of the most popular є or anhydrid. Wine is a bezbarvina speech, with volodya smell of throat syrnik. In great purchases, it is easy to smell when there are volcanoes.

It is easy to decompose in water from the solution of acid and sirchistoy. To be led, as a typical salt, in which to enter at the viglyadi sulfite-ion SO 3 2-. Tsey anhydride is the main gas, which is infused into the obstruction of the naval atmosphere. The wine itself is poured into the light.

З'єднання, in which at the gray steps oxidized +6

To such an admission, the first for everything, is the expression of anhydride and sirchana acid with its salts:

• sulfates;
• hydrosulfates.

So, as the atom of sirka in them is found in a superbly oxidized state, then the power of the cich is completely zerous. The stench is strong oxidizing.

Serki (VI) oxide - sirchaniy anhydrid - is a volatile non-barren ridin. Characteristic of rice - strong moisture absorption capacity. Dimit on an open-ended basis. When dispensed in water, give one of the strongest mineral acids - sirchan. Concentrations of differences її important oily, slightly chewy rіdinoy. If there is anhydrid in the solution in sirchanoic acid, then it will be especially well-known, called oleum. Win vikorystvutsya in industry with virobnitstvі acid.

Sered salts - sulphates - great value maє such spoluki, yak:

• hips CaSO 4 2H 2 O;
• barite BaSO 4;
• mirabilite;
• lead sulfate and інші.

It smells like storing in business, chemical syntheses, medicine, prepared optical attachments and glasses and to find food industry.

Hydrosulfate is known to be widely used in metallurgy; And also the stench itself will help to convert a lot of folding oxides into different sulphate forms, so that they can be found in various types.

Vivchennya sirki in the school course of chemistry

If it is most beautiful to learn the knowledge about those who are also sirka, such as the power of power, which is the deed of sirka? 9th class - the most beautiful period. It’s not the ear itself, since everything is new and quiet for children. The middle is in vivchenna chemistry science, if the foundations, laid earlier, will help me to understand the topic. Tom, for the sake of seeing the food, see the very friend of the class. At the same time, the whole topic extends to a number of blocks, in some okremos there is a lesson "С'єднання сірки. 9th class".

It will be explained to the number of people. It is also a good idea to look at the nutrition about the vitamins and minerals in the industry. In general, the topic will be introduced in the middle 3 years.

And the axis of grapes is to be grated on vivchennya only in the 10th grade, if the organisms are looking at food. Likewise, the stench of biology in high school will be ruined. Adzhe sirka to enter the warehouse of such organic molecules, such as:

• thiospirti (Mercaptani);
• bіlki (tretin structure, on which the form of disulfide mіstkіv is displayed);
• tioaldegidiv;
• thiophenols;
• tioefiri;
• sulfonic acids;
• sulfoxide and іnshі.

Їх see in a special group of organosulfur z'єdnan. The smell may be more important not only in the biological processes of living things, but also in industry. For example, sulfonic acids are the basis of many drugs (aspirin, sulfanilamid or streptocide).

In addition, there is a permanent component of such things as actions:

• amino acids;
• ferments;
• vitamini;
• hormones.

At room temperature, the water enters into the reaction only with mercury. With temperature adjustments, the activity is significantly increased. When heated, sirka reacts without the middle with simple phrases, behind a vignette of inner gases, nitrogen, selenium, telurium, gold, platinum, iridium and iodine. Sulphide nitrogen and gold are removed by an indirect way.

Engagement with metals

Syrka viyavlya oxidized power, as a result of the interaction of sulphides:

Vzaєmodia with water run at 150-200 ° С:

H 2 + S = H 2 S.

Vzaєmodiya z kisnem

The water burns in acid at 280 ° C, on turn at 360 ° C, at which a sum of oxides is set:

S + O 2 = SO 2;

2S + 3O 2 = 2SO 3.

Combination with phosphorus and coal

When heated without access to power, the water reacts with phosphorus, carbon, showing oxidation power:

2P + 3S = P 2 S 3;

Combination with fluorine

In the presence of strong oxidizing agents, the following power is manifested:

S + 3F 2 = SF 6.

Vzaєmodiya with folding words

When interconnecting with folding words of the syrka, it’s like the lead:

S + 2HNO 3 = 2NO + H 2 SO 4.

reaction disproportion

Syrka is good for disproportionate reactions, when interaction with the meadow, sulfides and sulfates are established:

3S + 6KOH = K 2 S +4 O 3 + 2K 2 S -2 + 3H 2 O.

1.7. otrimannya sіrki

Native ores

When heated without access to food

FeS 2 = FeS + S.

Oxidation of water in case of lack of acidity

2H 2 S + O 2 = 2S + 2H 2 O.

From the gas to enter the metallurgical and coke ovens, when heated in the presence of the catalyst

H 2 S + SO 2 = 2H 2 O + 3S.

1.8. sirvodden

Vodneve z'єdnannya sirki - sirvodden H 2 S ... Sirevodn is a covalent z'єdnannya. The molecules are analogous to those of the water molecules, the water atom is located in the sp 3-hybridization stage, but the water molecules do not accept the water molecules. The atom of the syrki is less electrically negative, the lower the atom is sour, the smaller the size, the less the charge, the less the charge. The HSH valence cut becomes 91.1 °, and the H - S band becomes 0.133 nm.

Physical power

With extravagant minds, sirvodden is a gas-free gas, with a strong characteristic smell of rotten eggs. T pl = -86 ° C, T bale = -60 ° C, rotten in water, at 20 ° C in 100 g of water, 2.58 ml of H 2 S dissolves. Even if it is inhaled, it can lead to a fatal result. In nature, one sees in the warehouses of volcanic gases, settles in the gnitty of growing and living organisms. Good solution in water, when working out, I will fix a weak hydrochloric acid.

Cheerful authorities

The water solution has a weak dibasic acid power:

H 2 S = HS - + H +;

HS - = S 2 + H +.

Sire water to burn in povitri blakitnym half'am. In case of interconnected access, a valid certificate is established:

2H 2 S + O 2 = 2H 2 O + 2S.

With overwhelming access to the hearth of the hearth, the water should be produced before the approval of the oxide of the oil (IV):

2H 2 S + 3O 2 = 2H 2 O + 2SO 2.

Sirkhoven is able to deliver power. Deposits of water can be oxidized in water solution to dry water, pure gas and sulfuric acid.

For example, in vitro bromine water:

H 2 S + Br 2 = 2HBr + S.

interchange with chlorine water:

H 2 S + 4Cl 2 + 4H 2 O = H 2 SO 4 + 8HCl.

A stream of water can be fired, vicoristy and lead oxide, so as the reaction of super water can lead to great types of heat:

3PbO 2 + 4H 2 S = 3PbS + SO 2 + 4H 2 O.

Vzaєmodia sіrvodnyu sіrchistim gas vikoristovuyutsya for the removal of sirki from gases, to enter the metallurgical and sirchanic acid virobniztva:

SO 2 + 2H 2 S = 3S + 2H 2 O.

The zsim process tied the illumination of native sirka during volcanic processes.

With a one-hour flow of pure gas and water through the meadow, thiosulfate is set:

4SO 2 + 2H 2 S + 6NaOH = 3Na 2 S 2 O 3 + 5H 2 O.

With normal minds, water is a barless and even toxic gas with a characteristic smell of rotten eggs.

For yogo otrymannya in laboratory minds call to add diluted hydrochloric acid to sulfide:

The first way to remove water from water in the addition of cold water to aluminum sulfide:

Sirvodin, being cut off in this way, is clearer.

Sirevodn is a covalent z'єdnannya. Yogo molecules may conceal a structure, similar to the structures of lead molecules (Div. Rozd. 2.2). However, on view of the water molecules, water molecules do not match the watery sounds. On the right in that, the atom of the gray is less electrically negative, the lower atom is sour, ale is greater size. That is why the atom of water can be less powerful than the charge, not the atom is sour. Through the visibility of the water connections, I lower the temperature of the water, lower the water. The visibility of the water sounds in the water will explain the same to the bastard the difference in the water.

The water solution has a weak dibasic acid power:

The water will burn in the dark half-masses. When there is a contiguous access to the fire, the water is supervised to see the vision of the water, as it condenses on the cold surface of the court:

With overwhelming access to the furnace, the water should be produced before the approval of the sulfur dioxide:

Sirkhoven is able to deliver power. For example, wine from barium bromine water and renewable from them to ions

Hydrochloride is a dibasic acid that can be used for two series of salts - sulfide and hydrosulfide (div. Vishche). Sulphides of foreign metals can be found near the water by means of solutions. The result of hydrolysis:

Non-destructive sulfides of other metals can be precipitated from aqueous solutions of salts of these metals, by passing through a water outlet. For example, if the water is passed through the gap, then they can take revenge on a black siege to the sulfide

The reaction is victorious in the quality of an analytical test for water.

oxides of sirki

Sierka approved a number of oxides, of which the most significant are two: sirki dioxide and sirka trioxide

Sulfur dioxide is an alcohol-free, alcohol-free gas with a pungent suffocating odor. In laboratory minds, it is possible to remove it, by burning it off in some kind or in acid, adding warm dilutions of acid variations to some non-sulfite salt or heating concentrated acid from the middle:

Serum dioxide-acidic oxide. It is easy to discern by the water, filling up with sirchisty acid. The acid ionizes less often and, moreover, it is a weak acid:

When the gas-like sulfur dioxide is passed through the sodium hydroxide solution, sodium sulfite is established. Sodium sulfite, reacting with superfluous sulfur dioxide, setting sodium hydrosulfite in an analogous reaction to carbon dioxide in carbonated water.

І gas-like sulfur dioxide, і th water-based solutions є cousins. For example, gaseous sodium hydroxide is an oxide from a sulphate solution and a pure acid is added-ion to an ion

Sulfur dioxide in industrial wastes is distilled off during vipalyuvanny on some sulphide ores and vicious as an intermediate product in the process of removing sirchanoic acid (Div. Chapter 7). Wheat dioxide is stored in the cellulose industry, for removing fabrics, and also for processing fruits and vegetables in case of trivial zberigann.

Sulfur dioxide is very important in the clogged atmosphere and especially in the illumination of acid plates. In the atmosphere, wine is oxidized to sulfur trioxide:

With normal minds, the process is counteracted every now and then, but in the presence of the catalyst it is possible to get rid of it, perhaps before being used in the contact process of removing the acid. Small amounts of salt and manganese, which can be found in the atmosphere, make it possible to catalyze oxidized sulfur dioxide. Greetings trioxide reacts with vologo, and that is why the criminals appear, as they are acid tablets (Div. Soozh ch. 12).

Solid sulfur trioxide is polymorphic. The two navazhlivish forms The first of them is a trimer with a cyclic structure (Fig. 15.24, a); crystals of glimpse. mє acyclic polymeric structure (Fig. 15.24, b); Wonderful at the sight of the bare crystals. Melting temperature. At the presence of the vologue, step by step it transforms into Obidvi form to boil at 45 ° C. Steam trioxide vapor is stored in isolated symmetric planar molecules.

Small. 15.24. Syrky trioxide, Acyclic structure, b - Acyclic structure.

Small. 15.25. The structure of a molecule of sirchanoic acid.

At laboratory sinks, sulfur trioxide is dispensed with heated sulfate

Water trioxide can be highly acidic. Wine exothermically reacts with water, converting acid:

Syrka trioxide is a strong oxidizing agent. For example, wine oxidizes hydrogen bromide to hydrogen bromine.

Sirchana acid

Sirchana acid is a barren oily acid of ridina. Price is one of the most important industrial chemical products. Її promislova іtrimannya for additional contact process і stasosuvannya is described in chap. 7.

Undiluted sirchan acid is a covalent solution. Molecules may be tetrahedral budov (Fig. 15.25).

Syrchana acid to boil and decompose at 340 ° С,

The temperature of the boiling point is high and the viscosity of the hydrochloric acid is high;

Syrchana acid is a strong dibasic acid. In the water, the water will rise, and the hydrosulfate- and sulfate-ions are approved:

Syrchana acid takes care of the fate of all reactions characteristic of acids. Vona reacts with metals, solubilizing sulfates of metals and water, in reactions with carbonates, solubilizing sulfates, dioxides in carbon and water, and in reactions with alloys and meadows, securing sulfates or hydrosulfates.

Concentrated syrchan acid reacts more violently with water. For the sake of reason, you should add sirchan acid by pouring it into water, not navpaki. The acid is hygroscopic, i.e. That її vikoristovuyut for drying gases, as do not react with it, passing їkh through the sіrchan acid. The proportion of sulfuric acid to water and coating is great, but sulfuric acid can serve as a dehydrating agent; for every concentrated sirchanoic acid:

white crystals to pentahydrate sulfate convert anhydrous sulfate

in carbohydrates, for example sucrose, are charred:

papier can be carbonized with a combination of concentrated organic acid, which is accumulated with a dose of acid on cellulose fiber;

ethanol converts to ethylene:

(Dehydration of ethanol with the help of organic acid, which should be carried out under control

minds, to produce ethoxyethane (dietary ether) until the approval, and the reaction to be victorious for eliminating ethoxyethane on an industrial scale);

the sum of chlorobenzene and trichlorethanal (chloral) undergoes dehydration (div. section 16.3).

Concentrated sirchan acid is a strong oxidizing agent. Won oxidizing metals and non-metals. by the way

Yak іnshі butt, how іnstruyuyut the oxidation power of concentrated sіrchanoic acid, also oxidized ions to ionіv, as well as bromide-ionіv up to bromine in the onset reactions:

Nareshty, sirchan acid vicorizes as a sulfonating agent in organic chemistry (div. Ch. 17).

Sulfates, sulfates and thiospoluces

Sulfate-ion has a tetrahedral structure, similar to the structure of a molecule of sulfuric acid.

Soli. Sulfate is accepted in the reactions of diluted sirchanoic acid with metals, oxides, hydroxides and carbonates. For a wine sulphate bar and іnshі sulphate roschinnі at the water. Calcium sulphate is not very strong in water. Sulphate stir up the steaks before heating. Vinnyts in the whole variety of sulphati zaliza. For example, sulfate, when heated, is deposited with the approved oxide of saline:

For the recovery of sulfate ions in any way, add water pressure to chloride bar. If there is evidence of sulfate ions in the preliminaries, as a result, the establishment of a siege against sulfate bari will take place:

Sulfati may be very important in the zasosuvan. For example, magnesium sulphate (English sil, girka sil) is used for virobniting vibukhovy rivers, for preparing sirniks and fireproof fabrics. Nasicheni razchin tsієї soli vikoristovutsya in medical practice as a protivopalny zasіb.

Sodium thiosulfate can be seen as an analogue of sodium sulfate, in which one atom is substituted for one atom of sulfur. Among the children of Tіospoluka, they will come up with one thing - tiocyanat kaliyu. Vin is an analogue of cyanate calium. Tіocyanat kalіyu can be discarded, fusing cyanіd kalіyu with sіrkoyu:

Tiocyanat kaliyu vikoristovuyutsya in yak_sіanіnіy kalіy to produce before the start of the crookedly

Again, repeat again!

1. When shifting to the lower part of the VI category of quality, the elements gradually change from non-metallic to metallic.

2. The elements of the VI group may conceal the building with water and reactionary metals, setting the stage, in which stench there may be oxidized steps -2.

3. Kisen is highly electronegative and strong oxidizing power.

4. Ozone is even more strongly oxidizing, less acid.

5. Kisen has a superbly important role in biological systems;

6. Kisen is approved with small spoluks of binarny spoluca, oxides of different types:

7. Water peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent.

8. Syrka in viglyadi can be found in decilkoh enanthiotropic forms.

9. For rejection of water from the ground loads, the process of Frash is stagnated, in which case it’s hard to get stuck and overheated steam.

10. Сірка will set up spoluks, in which there are in the camps with levels of oxidation +2, +4, +6 and -2.

11. Sirwater is a weak dibasic acid and a predominant one.

12. Gaseous sulfur dioxide and water-based solutions.

13. Water trioxide can be strongly acidic and oxidized.

14. Syrchana acid is a strong dibasic acid, drying agent, dehydrating agent and strong oxidizing agent.

15. Molecules of hydrochloric acid and sulfate-ion may have a tetrahedral structure.