What is the voltage, how to reduce and move the voltage. How to change the voltage at the transformer output

How to change the voltage on a transformer

Hello colleagues!

In this article I will tell you how transformer with 32 V output, srobiti transformer with 12 V output. In other words - Transformer voltage change.

For example, I’ll take the trans view of the Chinese b/w TV “Jinlipu”.

I think there are a lot of people who have gotten in touch with him and are similar.

So, to begin with, we need to identify the primary and secondary windings. To do this, get the required basic ohmmeter. The supports can be seen on the tops of the transformer. on primary winding rely more, less on secondary and, as a rule, become no less than 85 Ohms.
Once we have identified these windings, we can proceed to analyze the transformer. It is necessary to reinforce one type of W-like plate. For this we need several tools, namely: round nose pliers, pliers, a small screw for “pushing” the plates, wire cutters, lower.

In order to pull out the first scarf, you have to do it, and then it’s done like clockwork. You need to handle it very carefully, as you can easily cut yourself on the plates. This transformer itself knows that at the output there are 32 U. If you know, it is necessary to measure the voltage before disassembling it, so that later we can calculate how many turns there are in 1 U.

Alright, let's get started with the analysis. Use a knife to glue the plates one at a time, using a wire cutter and round pliers to pull them out of the transformer. The axis looks like this:

After the plates have been drawn, it is necessary to remove the plastic case from the windings. Robimo is smiling, because he doesn’t mind the transformer’s work.

Then we find on the second winding the contact available for unwinding and use pliers to “squeeze” this type of soldering area. Then we begin to unwind the winding, at which the number of turns is loose. To avoid it, it can be wound on a line or something similar. Since this transformer has 3 pins on the secondary winding (two extreme and one middle), it is logical to assume that the voltage on the middle terminal is 16V, exactly half 32V. We unwind the winding to the middle contact, then. up to half, and protect the number of turns that we unwound. (Since the transformer has two windings on the secondary winding, then we unwind it “on the eye” until halfway, we take care of the turns at this point, then we cut off the unwinding of the drith, we clean its end, we solder it back to the contact and we collect the transformer, there are problems all the same as when sorted out, Only in the reverse order, after which it is necessary to measure the voltage again, which is what we got after changing the turns and how many turns fall per 1 V. It is calculated as follows: it is permissible for you to have a transformer with a voltage of 35 B. After you have unwound about half of i took the transformer back, you have a voltage of 18 V. The number of turns that you unwound is more than 105. Now 105 turns fall on 17 V (35 V-18 V = 17 V). 1 turns) Now, in order for us to change the voltage to 6V (18V-12V = 6V), you will need to unwind approximately 36.6 turns (6.1 * 6 = 36.6). You can round this figure to 37. For this you will need to re-install the transformer and perform this “procedure”. For our spin-out, which reached half the winding, we got 106 turns. Then 106 turns fall at 16V. We calculate how many turns there are in 1V (106/16 = 6.625) and we are looking at approximately 26.5 turns (16V-12V = 4V; 4V * 6.625 turns = 26.5 turns). Then we “sweat” the windings, clean the end with varnish, tin it and solder it to the contact on the transformer, avoiding any “biting”.

Now we are assembling the transformer in the same way as we took it apart, except in reverse order. Don’t boast if you lose one or two scarves, the stench will be very strong.

Loses the tension, as we have:

I thank you, colleagues, everything turned out wonderful!

If it didn’t work out the first time, don’t get embarrassed and don’t give up. Just because of the zealousness and patience, you can get used to it. If you feel guilty about any nutrition, deprive them of the comments, and I will definitely agree.

In this article, I will tell you how to create a 12V DC power supply unit from this transformer.

PILOT_SVM 15-08-2016 14:33

Є an old living unit for a mobile phone (so-called “charging”).
At the exit – 5.25 St.
It is necessary to power the device, which runs on two AA batteries.

What is the easiest way to reduce to 3 V?

PILOT_SVM 15-08-2016 14:40

Postoronnim V 15-08-2016 17:39

For example, a resistor. And if so, then what support?

The resistor is reduced to three volts or less for the purpose of life.
If the flow rate changes, then at the output you remove a voltage of three volts (in the future, the same is 5.25 st.). And it’s good because the trivolt device doesn’t vitrify.
And if the flow increases, the voltage will be as low as three volts (in the future, down to zero).
The simplest way is to turn on the stabilizer, which can be replaced by turning on several diodes.
The voltage drop on the silicon diode is around 06-08-10 volts.
3-4 diodes, just change 5.25 to three volts. Please select the appropriate one. maximum flow of trivoltage gain.

ZI. So, I forgot to say.
Don’t be so timid, as if you had proponated Dachnik_Miha.
That circuit is not a stabilizer, but not a voltage.
This is due to the fact that there is a voltage shift at the end of the terminal, as in the case of a simple resistor.

unname22 16-08-2016 11:48

One drops roughly 0.7 volts.

PILOT_SVM 16-08-2016 12:08

Diody told you correctly, the only thing you need are simple straighteners, not Schottkys.
One drops roughly 0.7 volts.

Please tell Mark!

Postoronnim V 16-08-2016 13:44

For everyday life, the value will be sufficient.

unname22 16-08-2016 13:56

PILOT_SVM
Tell us which store you will buy from - we will choose from the assortment.

PILOT_SVM 19-08-2016 22:01

What kind of strum is there to create a trivoltage navantazhenya?
Well, I would like to say what kind of max. Is the permissible flow indicated on the charger?
In principle, you can, of course, take the same as KD202 and accurately grind its stock along the flow, or, if you know the max. the stream of comfort .. you can choose even smaller ones without worrying about where to place them .. just take them and solder them directly into the opening of one of the living darts .. and insulate them on top.
For everyday life, the value will be sufficient.

Ale, I'm dying.

And it’s easier to say, what a good guy.
This is an electric motor.
The simplest one.
The battery has a battery, a battery, and two batteries.

And what’s more, the engine is very oaky and the batteries (accumulators) eat up in 15-20 minutes. Obviously, he is not an economical businessman.
But it seems to me that this mode for batteries is not the simplest.
I really want to earn money at a tavern.

I'm dying and I'll let you know.

PILOT_SVM 19-08-2016 22:04

quote: Originally written by unname22:
PILOT_SVM
Tell us which store you will buy from - we will choose from the assortment.

St. Petersburg has a lot of electronics and electrical stores.
Surely, if two or three types of diodes are named (as they decided on this option), then in one of the St. Petersburg stores I can find the required type.

Ale spersh I viznache strum.

Let me tell you, it can be simpler and more accurate to suit the needs.

Postoronnim V 19-08-2016 22:36

quote: Original Posted by PILOT_SVM:

The power supply to the struma is less stressful in the first place, because It’s easy to change the volts (by throwing the contacts on the pins and fse), then the flow, you need to measure the gaps (consistently), and therefore you need to fence.

Well, the simplest tester has a dimming mode. Turn the tester on in this mode in sequence with the engine and find out about the real flow rate.
Only whose engine is guilty of vantagement, because In idle mode the throttle is always lower, lower when the engine is running.
If only one voltmeter is charged, then connect a 1 ohm resistor in series with the motor and the voltage on this resistor is approximately equal to the current flow.

Before speaking, on chargers for mobile phones, please write the permissible string of instructions. Zazvichay tse 0.5-1 A.

PILOT_SVM 19-08-2016 23:03

quote: Originally written Postoronnim V:
1. Well, the simplest tester has a dimming mode.
2. Turn the tester on in this mode in sequence with the engine and find out the real flow rate.
3. Only this engine is guilty of vantage, because In idle mode the throttle is always lower, lower when the engine is running.
4. If only one voltmeter is charged, then connect a 1 ohm resistor in series with the motor and the voltage on this resistor is approximately equal to the current flow.
The resistor can be replaced by a thin section of 1 ohm support. It's true that you need another ohmmeter for that.
5. Before speaking, on the chargers for your mobile phone, please write the permissible limit. Zazvichay tse 0.5-1 A.

2. That’s how I plan to do it myself. Just for the sake of this need to earn "vrіzannya".

3. In fact, the engine is not powered, but rather turns the impeller. So there is no special difference there.

4. The multitester is in order.

Don't push it.

AZProtect 20-08-2016 01:28

quote: Original Posted by PILOT_SVM:

It is necessary to power the device, which runs on two AA batteries.

quote: Original Posted by PILOT_SVM:

And what’s more, the engine is very oaky and the batteries (accumulators) eat up in 15-20 minutes. Obviously, he is not an economical businessman.

Acceptable battery capacity is 1000 mA (or 1 A)
15 hvilin tse 1/4 godini.

I'm not confusing anything.

PILOT_SVM 20-08-2016 02:05

quote: Originally written by AZProtect:
Acceptable battery capacity is 1000 mAh (or 1 Ah)
15 hvilin tse 1/4 godini.
At a time the output is approximately 4 amperes maximum.
At 3 volts, the motor is 12 watts.
I'm not confusing anything.
p.s. In other words, a line of ~8 watts of heat is required on the rossing diodes.

I'm not strong among these people.
Akumi at 2700 mA.

Postoronnim V 20-08-2016 06:46

quote: Original Posted by PILOT_SVM:

And inserting a 1 MΩ resistor into the gap resulted in such a drop in voltage that the engine could not be pulled.
The start showed 2, then 1 st.
Don't push it.
5. On the charger it is written - 4.9 V and 450 mA.

There will naturally be a fall in the face of almost all stress
Because there are millions of times more than 1 MOhm, less than 1 Ohm.

If the charger is written at 450 mA, then there is no need to check the current. The strength is from a reserve of 20%.
Because if the circuit is overextended, the charger will burn out, not the LED.

On the other hand, if the motor drives the fan, then its support can be changed permanently and a simple resistor can be removed.
In order to open up the support and reduce the tension of this resistor, you still need to check the current flow of the motor.

quote: Original Posted by PILOT_SVM:

I'm not strong among these people.
Akumi at 2700 mA.
But in the process of work, it’s obvious that the 15 engine is humming loudly, and then it sags noticeably.
And as far as I remember - for nickel-metal hydrite batteries there is a wide range of problems.

Regardless of what you know, a 450 mA charger is simply not enough.
Check the lifespan of your batteries.
On the original multitester, there is a socket for ampere voltage dimming (10A)
Place one probe in the “ground” socket, place the other one in the 10A socket, switch the 10A mode and connect the probes to the engine life lanyard in succession.
It would be bad for you to use another tester to monitor the voltage of the batteries, because... Since the batteries are alive, then this voltage can be lost, and we need to know this value for the size of the resistor or diode.

RTDS 20-08-2016 08:46

They've already piled up schemes.
Turn the engine all the way down to the charger, up to 5 volts.
It’s completely safe to ask for the voltage as necessary - 3.4-4.5 volts, don’t overdrive your motor, especially since you can still turn the impeller.

unname22 20-08-2016 14:03

Just go to the store and say that you need a 5 Ampere diode with a voltage of 50 volts to infinity, just not Schottky, it’s easy to choose.

hunter1957 21-08-2016 22:08

quote: Feeding the struma is less stressful in the first place, because... It’s easy to change the volts (by throwing the contacts on the pins and fse), then the flow, you need to measure the gaps (consistently), and therefore you need to fence. Ale, I'm dying. And it’s simpler to say what a good friend. I VIN, VIMICAC, two batteries. And what’s more, the engine is completely made of oak and the batteries consume 15-20 minutes. Obviously, this is not the most economical companion. But it seems to me that this mode for batteries is not the simplest. I want to earn money at the border tavern.

quote: I'm not strong in these situations. Akumi at 2700 mA. But in the process of work, it’s obvious that the 15 engine is humming loudly, and then it sags noticeably. And as far as I remember - for nickel-metal hydrite batteries there is a wide range of problems.

From the output data, it is noteworthy: There are two metal hydride batteries with a nominal capacity of 2.7A/year, the voltage of the charged batteries is 2.4 volts, the terminal voltage for them is 1 volt per 1 element. For a quarter of a year, the batteries are give.... The real strum to the discharge of the dzherel zhizivlennya is necessary to vrahuvat more the starting short-hour life of the flow will be about 2-3 times greater... Your 5 volt charge is unacceptable - you don’t see the necessary flow.
From available mass power supply units, practically without reworking, use the pulse power supply unit of a computer according to the ATX standard - there is an output of 3.3 volts 10 amperes.

alexaa1 22-08-2016 06:01

This suggests that it is a type of coil cutting - there are not any large amperes - the maximum is one ampere.

PILOT_SVM 22-08-2016 09:35

Freezing showing:

PILOT_SVM 22-08-2016 09:36

quote: Originally written by alexaa1:
This suggests that this is the type of cutting of the spools

Yes, just like that.

hunter1957 22-08-2016 10:10

quote: Freezing showing:
The power scale is 200 microamps, 2000 microamps, 20 milliamps, 200 milliamps.
The next value is 10 A, when this happens you need to move the contact.
On the multitester scale, 200 mA (max) was set - at which point (without voltage) the display showed 3-4.5, then smoothly dropped to 1-1.2.
With little momentum, it began to jump 2, 3 and up to 4.8.
True, sometimes it jumped more, but for a short hour.
There are no markings on the motor, except for “-” and “+” and arrows (as you can see, which is a direct wrap when the plus and minus are connected).
Moreover, when I look straight at the roc, I feel like the contacts are mixed up.
What does that mean – I’m insane.

We have found prices for oats.... Apparently, your batteries have lost their capacity. 3 amperes.... Go to your computer - set the task to connect the motor to 3.3 volts and you will be happy. The wire for connection to the motor is not less than 0.75 mm2.

PILOT_SVM 22-08-2016 11:47

quote: To properly operate, you need to keep the alkaline batteries between 10 amps and dry.

At 10 A – it does not show and does not work.
Akumi novi – 2700 mA.
So your numbers are obviously false.

hunter1957 22-08-2016 12:09

quote: Accumi novo - 2700 mA. So your numbers are obviously incorrect.

How do you charge batteries? wear out. The AA/AAA life elements have a working voltage of 1.5 volts and the internal support is less than that of the battery. engine at several rotor positions.

PILOT_SVM 22-08-2016 13:14

quote: How do you charge batteries? My Lacrosse charger is correct

Charging GP, and the same brand of battery.

quote: AA/AAA life elements have a working voltage of 1.5 volts and the internal support is less than that of the battery

Batteries have 1.5 V, and batteries have 1.3 V.

When the voltage changes, the tester does not show the voltage, and when the support changes, it shows a weak battery.
If I buy a battery, I’ll repeat the support.

hunter1957 22-08-2016 13:40

quote: Charging GP, and the same brand of battery.

Charging the big battery is as simple as possible on a budget, it fills up the batteries quickly.

PILOT_SVM 22-08-2016 16:13

Charging the big battery is as simple as possible on a budget, it fills up the batteries quickly.

What does it mean to “drive it in”?

On the charger it is written:
for AA batteries:
If there are 4 pieces on charge, then at a voltage of 2.8 525 mA is given.
If there are 2 pieces on charge, then at 2.8 V – 1050 mA each.

What's wrong?

Wrong?
Need more? Need less?

Is a different charging mode required?

The front set of batteries (2500 mA) was processed 4 times.
Few?

Do your batteries last 10 years?

hunter1957 22-08-2016 17:05

quote: On the charger it is written: for AA batteries: If there are 4 pieces on the charger, then at a voltage of 2.8 V, 525 mA is given. If there are 2 pieces on charge, then at 2.8 V, 1050 mA each. ma? Need more? Need less? Do you need a different charging mode? The front set of batteries (2500 mA) was processed 4 times. Few? Do your Akumi serve for 10 years?

In the last century, the player used GP batteries - it wasted a little more than a rock. ... According to all the manuals, the standard charge mode is 0.1 at full capacity for 14 years, discharge at full capacity is no more than 0.1 at full capacity for 10 years or up to a voltage of 1 volt. Statements have a resource of 500 cycles of charge - discharge .... I have a habit of Lacrosse and are still using finger-type batteries Radyanskiy TsNK-0.45 after surcharges already 800 cycles were running .... GP began to immediately consume the capacity after the 50th cycle ів charge - the discharge of the branded charger was lost from them less than 15% of the declared capacity. The computer unit is guaranteed to ensure 100% efficiency of your gadget without any reworking.

PILOT_SVM 22-08-2016 18:49

quote: According to all manuals, the standard charge mode is 0.1 at full capacity for 14 years

Make sure to write on the batteries themselves - 0.1 capacity for 16 years.

quote: Claimed resource is 500 charge-discharge cycles.... I’m not a Lacrosse fanatic who still uses finger batteries Radianski TsNK-0.45, and it’s estimated that they’ve already done 800 cycles

As I already said, the GP 2500 mA batteries served 4 times. It is especially busy during the summer period. I think no less than 500 cycles.
Before the speech - previously, for Nickel-Methhydric batteries, everyone stated 1000 cycles.
Nina I feel like 500.

Before we talk about stamps, I already relied on the VARTA battery,
but they served no more than GP.

Before the speech, they said that a block of life and a dart of 0.75 mm2 was required.
And the fact is that there is wiring there, approximately like a thread?20.

Ale talked about batteries and everything became clear.
The stinks are gone, and everything is fine with me.

I would like to get rid of the food of the motor.
And here, the parameters you stated seem less than supermundane.

hunter1957 22-08-2016 20:02

quote: Before speaking about brands, I was already in favor of VARTA batteries, but they lasted no longer than GP. Before speaking - you said that you need a life block and a 0.75 mm2 shot. Everything about Akumi has become clear. The stinks are gone and everything is fine. I would like to get involved with the food of the motor. And here, the parameters you stated seem less supernatural.

Both Wartu and GP and many more brands are produced in China, not only different viscosity and different value and different output prices... the power is not great - just 10 amperes maximum flow according to the specification. Conducting according to the specification, I hope you are guilty of buti?

PILOT_SVM 28-08-2016 19:54

How can you connect a 1.5 V light bulb in series?

hunter1957 29-08-2016 12:15

quote: How can you connect a 1.5 V light bulb in series?

No sense - the support of 1.5 V lamps is too great.
There are no alternatives to a computer power supply for you, a universal laboratory life-saving unit costs at least an order of magnitude more expensive... The reverse polarity circuit simply will not work. The voltage drop on the diode is 0.7-1.5 volts in the current or flow field Iter in the marking.

PILOT_SVM 17-09-2016 20:25

One more power supply for charging.
I unplugged the charger that was broken.
The reason for everything is in the transistor that burned out due to new damage to the housing.
And it’s worth noting that there are 4 diodes daubed on the board, which means that the same place is in danger for everything, otherwise...

There is only one diode, but three are simply not enough.
Until then, the diode should not be located after the transformer, but directly behind the 220 V contact.
The diameter is 6-7 mm, diameter – 2-2.5 mm.

Can such Lilyputian parts stand at 220 V?

And my diodes are insured at 220 - the smell is too great and the contacts are under the nuts.

hunter1957 17-09-2016 20:35

quote: Another full meal. I took out my charger. The reason for everything is a burnt transistor, due to new damage to the housing. one diode, but three are simply not enough. Moreover, the diode is not located after the transformer, but directly behind the 220 V contact. The diode is 6-7 mm in size, 2-2.5 mm in diameter. Can such Lilyputian parts stand at 220 V? And my diodes are insured at 220 - the smell is too great and the contacts are under the nuts.

Impulse came to life.
The size does not lie under stress, the size does not lie under the straightened stream and tension that dissipates.

PILOT_SVM 18-09-2016 13:25

quote: Originally written by hunter1957:
Impulse came to life.
The size does not lie under stress, the size does not lie under the straightened stream and tension that dissipates.

I feel like you are a person in the subject.
It is important for you to understand.
Chantly, tse tamanne to all fahivtsy.

hunter1957 19-09-2016 01:04

quote: I feel like you are a person in the subject. It is important for you to understand. Chantly ce power to all fahivtsyam.

It’s worth delving into the wonderful two-volume / trivolume work by Horowitz and Hill, “The Mystery of Circuit Engineering,” which clearly explains how it works.

PILOT_SVM 19-09-2016 09:32

quote: Originally written by hunter1957:
It’s worth delving into the wonderful two-volume / trivolume work by Horowitz and Hill, “The Mystery of Circuit Engineering,” which clearly explains how it works.

At a time - less than 6 something simpler, like “press the button, get the result.”
The order sounded earlier - to set the diode.

hunter1957 20-09-2016 02:15

quote: At once - less than 6 something simpler, like “press the button, get the result.” The order sounded earlier - set the diode.

Everything is not so simple in your situation - there are differences, with different voltages and flows and with different voltage drops with different flows.

Postoronnim V 20-09-2016 08:54

I would like to have already explained this many times, but I will repeat:
In this situation, it is necessary to know the maximum flow rate of the device that will be powered. (Dali I consumption max.)

Then we look at the people who are insured for work in such a situation.
This diode parameter is called I pr. max. (Another I Ave. max. pulse - but in this case there is no need to focus on anything else).
Select the axis diode from I ave. Max. not lower than repeat I consumption. Max.
Another diode parameter that can be seen is the direct voltage to the open diode - U in.
This parameter is different for different types of diodes. From small frequencies of volts (Schottky diodes, German diodes) to several volts (thyristors, LEDs, stabistors).
In this case, use highly cross-sectional silicon rectifying diodes.
For basic silicon rectifier diodes, pr. U is in the region of 0.5-1.0 volts. (Moreover, a discharge of 0.1-0.3 volts can be generated on the same type of diodes and on different straight lines).
Axis, refer to the passport U etc., purchase 2-3 more diodes, connect them sequentially, connect the voltage, check the voltage with a voltmeter. If there is a little less than necessary, turn off (switch) one diode. The voltage at the vantage point will move by the amount of drop U for the specifically connected diode.
If it’s not enough, turn off the oncoming LED.
I etc. until the desired result is achieved.

ZI. Among the most important parameters of the diode there is also the maximum permissible voltage return, but this should not be correct, because 5-10 volts of the return voltage is practically a direct diode, and here they are allowed to add up.

PILOT_SVM 20-09-2016 11:29

PILOT_SVM 20-09-2016 17:16

How can you suggest how these parts can be used to create an additive to reduce the voltage?

hunter1957 20-09-2016 18:34

quote: How can you suggest how these parts can be used to create an additive to reduce the voltage?

Six elements are installed for 3 years with very high reliability, check the reference with a multimeter and take one piece of paper.
I can’t reliably identify the brand from the photo - I’m not a charmer.... Vanguya, as it turns out, is a reference - the stinks, with a very high level of authenticity, cannot be sold through the excess of the permissible maximum struma.

PILOT_SVM 21-09-2016 20:55

There diody: 5 pcs. IN4007.
1 piece - DB 3 bufan

hunter1957 21-09-2016 21:25

quote: There diody: 5 pcs. IN4007.1 pcs - DB 3 bufan

These details are not given, grounded: IN4007 has a maximum flow of 1 ampere - if this voltage is overloaded, it will simply go out of tune - the starting flow of your game is rich in more than 1 ampere...... DB 3 - no diode - this is the dinistor and the main value yum not adjective.

PILOT_SVM 21-09-2016 22:33

Can this be corrected with resistors?

hunter1957 22-09-2016 08:55

quote: Can this be corrected with resistors?

There is no such thing.....Here, resistors are required with much greater precision and support less than 1 ohm - they are even rare, they are large in size and cost quite a few pennies.

Instructions

Connect up to one life block in parallel with the water supply in such a manner that their total flow remains close to 80% of the boundary value. It is not possible to move it any further - the unit will overheat. Please ensure that once you get out of the way in such a way that you stop drinking the strings, the voltage will likely increase, which can lead to the failure of other connections to the block of devices.

Since there are no additional requirements, connect the resistor in series with the device to live. Select this until the voltage on the voltage is close to the nominal one. Start with the great one for support, then step by step lower him. Choose a resistor tension greater than the one that will dissipate.

By consistently reducing the voltage on the diode, you can reduce the voltage on it by an amount from 0.25 to 0.5 (the exact value depends on the type of diode). The voltage drop on the diode in the smaller world lies in the flow, lower with a resistor resistor, so this option is better suited for monitoring, which is consistent with the flow that is changing.

Vicorize the stabilizer to make the supply voltage of the device connected to the supply unit as constant as possible. The smells are divided into parametric and compensation, while others may have a greater coefficient of corrosive action. Since the life block itself is not pulsed, you can install a ferroresonant stabilizer in front of it, otherwise such a solution rarely stagnate. It is not possible to compare the transformer of the feroresonance stabilizer to the power transformer itself to the life block - this is not the fault.

Switching stabilizers are particularly effective as parametric and compensation ones. You can also insert a loop of the output voltage directly into the pulse life block. Please note that with a fall-like cut of the lancinus, the voltage can rise sharply. Also, do not use pulsed power supply units and stabilizers with devices that are sensitive to frequency transitions ranging from tens of kilohertz to one megahertz.

If you are dating a sustrich and Rozmova with an unknown person, you must understand that in the first days, the stress of tension in Russia is inevitable. If you don't know, you don't know the peer's style of interaction, his psychotype, his manner of conducting dialogue - everything is alarming. Unknown people unknowingly create psychological barriers for themselves, so your task is to control yourself and not set such a barrier, and, in addition, reduce the tension as much as possible, as is the case when spitting.

Instructions

After exchanging pleasantries, as soon as your friend initiated the conversation, switch to a neutral topic. There may be no change in the weather, other new political, social or sports news. Here you have to say something like that about what has happened, with which your spivozmovnik will singly come in handy. Have your Chergu, and you will confirm your good fortune with the judgments assigned to him. Then you turn off the moments that scream and you will begin to destroy the psychological.

You can marvel at the eyes of your partner, or turn your gaze around the speck and marvel at it, periodically reacting to your partner’s words with a nod or a short phrase, making it clear that you care and respectfully listen to him.

Start with Rozmov’s phrases that convey his fate to Rozmov and reinforce the importance of his thoughts for you “It doesn’t matter what you think is good...”, “How do you respect...”. Replace the term “I” with the term “vi”, say not “I want...”, but “Whatever you want...”.

In roses, be emotional, laugh, react to the words of the speaker with facial expressions and gestures, but do not overdo it, everything can be in the world. Demonstrate to the trust of the person - take a slightly relaxed, comfortable position for you, which demonstrates your desire to hear and sleep.

If, in the subsequent conversation, your partner begins to complement and explain his understanding, to respond to your concerns and to immediately clarify his judgments in the view that is becoming more and more spacious, then your goal is reached and stressed was reduced, and a constructive dialogue began.

Video on the topic

The need to reduce voltage Industrial power lines and the life of household equipment often fail for these and other reasons. It is possible to successfully work using stagnant transformer or transformerless methods of changing the voltage.

You will need

transformer, resistor, capacitor

Instructions

Devices based on transformers are subject to changeover. If there is a voltage loss, it is recommended to install stabilizing devices (feroresonance stabilizers). The predicted voltage shift can be compensated with a standard autotransformer. This device also ensures voltage changes within a given range. These devices are based on different types of transformers.

Website of Viktor Korolov. How to reduce the voltage at the transformer output

Yak change the voltage of the transformer

Hello colleagues!

For example, I’ll take the trans view of the Chinese b/w TV “Jinlipu”.

So, to begin with, we need to identify the primary and secondary windings. To do this, get the required basic ohmmeter. The supports can be seen on the tops of the transformer. On the first winding the support is larger, lower on the second and, as a rule, becomes no less than 85 Ohms. Once we have identified these windings, we can proceed to analyze the transformer. It is necessary to reinforce one type of W-like plate. For this we need several tools, namely: round nose pliers, pliers, a small screw for “pushing” the plates, wire cutters, lower.

In order to pull out the first scarf, you have to do it, and then it’s done like clockwork. You need to handle it very carefully, as you can easily cut yourself on the plates. This transformer itself knows that the output is 32 V. If we don’t know anything, it is necessary to measure the voltage before disassembly, so that we can then calculate how many turns there are per 1 V.

Then we find on the second winding the contact available for unwinding and use pliers to “squeeze” this type of soldering area. Then we begin to unwind the winding, at which the number of turns is loose. To avoid it, it can be wound on a line or something similar. Since this transformer has 3 pins on the secondary winding (two extreme and one middle), it is logical to assume that the voltage on the middle terminal is 16V, exactly half 32V. We unwind the winding to the middle contact, then. up to half, and protect the number of turns that we unwound. (Since the transformer has two windings on the secondary winding, then we unwind it “on the eye” until halfway, we loosen the turns at this point, then we cut off the unwinding of the thread, we clean its end, we solder it back to the contact and we collect the transformer, there are problems all the same as when sorted out, Only in the reverse order, after which it is necessary to measure the voltage again, which is what we got after changing the turns and how many turns fall per 1 V. It is calculated as follows: it is permissible for you to have a transformer with a voltage of 35 B. After you have unwound about half of i took the transformer back, you have a voltage of 18 V. The number of turns that you unwound is more than 105. Now 105 turns fall on 17 V (35 V-18 V = 17 V). 1 turns) Now, in order for us to change the voltage to 6V (18V-12V = 6V), you will need to unwind approximately 36.6 turns (6.1 * 6 = 36.6). You can round this figure to 37. For this you will need to re-install the transformer and perform this “procedure”. For our spin-out, which reached half the winding, we got 106 turns. Then 106 turns fall at 16V. We calculate how many turns there are in 1V (106/16 = 6.625) and we are looking at approximately 26.5 turns (16V-12V = 4V; 4V * 6.625 turns = 26.5 turns). Then we “sweat” the windings, clean the end with varnish, tin it and solder it to the contact on the transformer, avoiding any “biting”.

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What is the voltage of the transformer?

How to change the voltage on a transformer

In this article, I will tell you how to create a transformer with a 12 V output from a transformer with a 32 V output. In other words, change the voltage of the transformer.

I think there are a lot of people who have gotten in touch with him and are similar.

In order to pull out the first scarf, you have to do it, and then it’s done like clockwork. You need to handle it very carefully, as you can easily cut yourself on the plates. The transformer itself knows that at the output there is 32 U. If we don’t know anything, it is necessary to measure the voltage before disassembling it. So that we can calculate how many turns there are in 1 st.

Alright, let's get started with the analysis. Use a knife to glue the plates one at a time, using a wire cutter and round pliers to pull them out of the transformer. The axis looks like this:

After the plates have been drawn, it is necessary to remove the plastic case from the windings. Robimo is smiling, because he doesn’t mind the transformer’s work.

Then we find on the second winding the contact available for unwinding and use pliers to “squeeze” this type of soldering area. Then we begin to unwind the winding, at which the number of turns is loose. To avoid it, it can be wound on a line or something similar. Since this transformer has 3 pins on the secondary winding (two extreme and one middle), it is logical to assume that the voltage on the middle terminal is 16V, exactly half 32V. We unwind the winding to the middle contact, then. up to half, and protect the number of turns that we unwound. (Since the transformer has two windings on the secondary winding, then we unwind it “on the eye” until halfway, we take care of the turns at this point, then we cut off the unwinding of the thread, we clean its end, we solder it back to the contact and we select the transformer. all the same as when sorted out, Only in the reverse order, after which it is necessary to measure the voltage again, which is what we got after changing the turns and how many turns fall per 1 V. It is calculated as follows: it is permissible for you to have a transformer with a voltage of 35 B. After you have unwound about half of i took the transformer back, you have a voltage of 18 V. The number of turns that you unwound is more than 105. Now 105 turns fall on 17 V (35 V-18 V = 17 V). 1 turns) Now, in order for us to change the voltage to 6V (18V-12V = 6V), you will need to unwind approximately 36.6 turns (6.1 * 6 = 36.6). You can round this figure to 37. For this you will need to re-install the transformer and perform this “procedure”. For our spin-out, which reached half the winding, we got 106 turns. Then 106 turns fall at 16V. We calculate how many turns there are in 1V (106/16 = 6.625) and we are looking at approximately 26.5 turns (16V-12V = 4V; 4V * 6.625 turns = 26.5 turns). Then we “sweat” the windings, clean the end with varnish, tin it and solder it to the contact on the transformer, avoiding any “biting”.

Now we are assembling the transformer in the same way as we took it apart, except in reverse order. Don’t boast if you lose one or two scarves, the stench will be very strong.

Loses the tension, as we have:

I thank you, colleagues, everything turned out wonderful!

In this article, I will tell you how to create a 12V DC power supply unit from this transformer.

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I love you, I read you on the site ceshka.ru!

In this article, I want to tell you how the voltage of a 110/10 kV power transformer is regulated.

For those who are off topic, I’ll explain what we’re talking about.

Electricity from the power station (AES, CHPP, GRES, etc.) is transmitted along the supports of overhead lines for hundreds of kilometers to the substation (I know about the 110,000 Volt substation), without installing a step-down and transformers - even larger and tighter.

These transformers reduce the voltage (in my case up to 10,000 Volts) and transmit electricity further, and then a short distance between 10-40 km to the next step-down transformer, which transforms the high voltage of 10 kV at low triphasic voltage 40 and go along darts to our house.

So, from a 110/10 kV transformer installed at a substation, a whole rural area or part of a great place may be very attractive.

As the day progresses and as the day progresses, the desire gradually changes and even more strongly.

For example, during the winter period, many rural residents are heated with electric boilers, which results in more and more water flows.

Otherwise, early and evening years are at their most attractive when people are throwing away or coming home from work, turning on electrical appliances - the consumption of electrical energy is growing greatly. As the day progresses, the intensity decreases and sometimes becomes much less intense, in the early afternoon or evening.

What do you expect with a step-down transformer due to increased efficiency?

But nothing comes of it))) As you reduce the voltage, you continue to reduce the voltage.

The primary winding (high voltage winding) receives 110,000 volts, and the secondary (low voltage winding) receives 10,000 volts.

This is an ideal option if the voltage on the primary winding is stable and does not change, and the voltage on the secondary winding is either small or completely absent (the transformer operates in idle mode).

Actually, it’s not like that at all.

The voltage at the primary voltage is really high and varies steadily in small intervals - 110-117 kV

Since the transformation coefficient of the transformer has become large, the voltage coming out on the secondary winding of 10 kV now fluctuates “in step” with the primary voltage.

And after this change, the voltages are transferred to the next step-down transformers 10/0.4 kV.

And so the oscillation would bend in our apartments and the voltage would oscillate in proportion to the high voltage of 110 kV.

And our sockets would have either 180 Volts or 250 Volts, and it would constantly change with the current. I think that no one deserves it when the brightness in the daylight constantly changes, as if the joke faded, then faded, then did not fade at all)))

Why does the voltage change?

And the voltage changes depending on the voltage connected to the transformer.

Whoever deals with physics means more tension, more pain. At the same time, the increased importance of the electrical current leads to an increase in the voltage drop in the conductors of the electrical current.

These are transformer windings, power lines, power cables, etc. - they are subject to the main voltage drop.

What is the voltage drop?

To put it simply and what would be clearer - this is the energy (and active!), which is seen in the appearance of warmth.

I'll point the butt. For a cutaneous cut, the cut is the maximum permissible cut. As far as the middle distance with a cut of 2.5 square meters. mm connect a single-phase electric power supply with a voltage of 9 kW with a compressed power supply of 9000:220 = 41 amperes, then the wire will become very hot.

The material from which it is prepared, copper, provides active support for the electric current.

According to Ohm's law, the electric flow is directly proportional to the change in voltage, so when an electric boiler is connected at this point, the voltage and voltage will increase and the heat will be heated.

Didn't you understand? Let's report more. Allowable wire support is 1 ohm. The fragments have already indicated - 41 amperes.

Then the voltage becomes U=R*I= 41 Volts

This means a drop in voltage on the dart. In this case there is tension in the appearance of heat P=U*I=41*41=1681 Watt

And this whole electric heater has a power of 1.7 kW!

Naturally, such pressure on the dart will lead to overheating and melting of the insulation. This is also for the purpose of cutting the struma of the skin.

In this socket for 2.5 sq. mm, the permissible flow is 25-27 amperes.

With all this said, he exclaims:

With increased voltage, the voltage increases and the voltage drop and energy loss in the wires increases

In other words, some of the voltage and energy simply does not reach our sockets, but is seen in the wind in the form of heat.

And now the most important thing!

To compensate for such inevitable energy losses, the voltage is increased on the secondary winding of the power transformer.

Then move the voltage to more than 10,000 volts - up to 11, or even more kilovolts. It’s also true that some of the energy is “lost” at the wires, in our apartments and booths the voltage is within the normal range - close to 220 Volts.

How to regulate voltage

How can you change the secondary voltage on a step-down transformer? You can change the voltage that is supplied to the primary winding; Then on the second won will change directly proportionally.

However, this option is not suitable, since transformers connected up to the 110 kV level have a variable voltage - in some there may be 100% voltage, in others - 20-50%, etc.

And with this method, the voltage at the output changes at the same time for everything - where required and where not required...

And there are not just a lot of transformers connected, but even a lot!

Therefore, there is another way.

The voltage is regulated by changing the transformation coefficient of the transformer itself

The number of turns of the primary winding of the transformer is changed.

And why the first one?

In principle, it would be possible to change everything on the secondary winding-coefficient, but everything would be changed as long as the correlation of the turns of the primary to the secondary windings changes.

However, changing yourself on the high side is more stressful. Why?

Everything is very simple. The voltage there is less than that of the electric current.

And since voltage regulation is carried out under pressure and the transformer is not turned on, then when changing the turns of the winding - during commutation - an electric arc appears in the place where the contacts switch.

And the larger the strum, the larger the arc, and this arc must be extinguished.

Before speech, the significant current between the primary and secondary windings increases even more significantly. For example, on a secondary power supply, 300 amperes is completely acceptable, but for the primary power supply, the maximum is 25-30 amperes.

I think there is no need to explain that it is much easier to remix contacts at a flow of 300 amperes than at 30, wait a minute)))

Where are the contacts? The transformer tank has a separate winding from the primary winding to change the transformation coefficient and is brought into the adjacent circuit, where interconnection is made using a special mechanism.

The connections on the transformer tank of the attachments to this mechanism are called VIN

Drive RNN

RPN stands for Regulation under Vantage. The electric motor drive has automatic on-load tap-changer starters, terminal switches, an automatic switch, a terminal block with control cables, etc.