AT "Sport-Express". Testing athletes Doping tests
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We learned from children that it is not good to deceive. However, you’ve grown up, you’ve grown up, you can’t get a hundred years old with an honest stretch of your life. In some situations, nonsense is the best match with the truth. At once, an unacceptable siege is overwhelmed on the soul. And if you want to talk about doping control, then, singsongly, an athlete is welcome, like a zoom to fool yoga, not to be fooled for the price.
Today, we need to ask you for a nutritional permit, how to bypass doping control when preparing to get sick? We don’t think about all the athletes whose lives were broken through pardons when they were diagnosed with doping or fake samples. For rich people, the word “doping” itself is unacceptable, even if the skin of a person can mother the right to choose that path, which can lead yoga to the heights of Olympus.
We don’t say at once, about those who are preparing, who are victorious athletes, safe, but roaming the way, they stink at the chances of risks. Today's sport is important to show without doping. I think, as the idea is not spared, that all anti-doping laboratories are secretly whispering ways to add drugs to people.
A lot of athletes want to know how to get around doping control when preparing to kick. To accomplish the tasks set, there are many ways, many of which are secret. However, the same information becomes readily available and our article will be based on it. At the same time, you are guilty of understanding, that we are not called to obov'yazkovy vykoristannya doping or prihovuvannya following yogo vikoristannya. The article may be informative in nature and may be given to athletes for reflection.
Terms of administration of imported preparations
Let me just say that all the hard words in sports speeches can be divided into three great groups:
- Short-string stimulants and beta-blockers.
- Anabolic speeches.
- Maskuchi agents.
The best way to bypass doping control before training?
How to tell you about food, how to get around doping control when preparing to get ready, then we’ll talk about the most popular methods of reaching the set goal.
Methods of elite athletes
For professional athletes of high level, special designer steroids and masking agents are created. Designer AAS are laboratory-created drugs that do not vibrate on a mass scale. Today it is often said that new AAS are no longer created, but in practice it is not so. Insha river, that the stench simply does not stink to industrial production.
On the market of sports pharmaceuticals, accessible to everyone, today you can know only those preparations, which were created in the middle of the last century. However, do not talk about those that all the robots for the creation of new steroids were well known. Just a variety of designer steroids of the temple. Possibly, you know about such a drug as genabol, which is a kind of manifestations in the body of practically all the winners of the Olympiad, which took place in Sydney.
This drug was created in the 80s and in no way viroblyavsya masovo. In the course of doping control, the speech was detected, it was impossible to identify it. We have already indicated that designer steroids are most often created by these doping laboratories, as they may know that speech is inoculated in the bodies of athletes.
It is quite obvious that it is impossible to know documentary evidence, even if secrets are carefully guarded. However, some information leaks to the surface. For example, about the BALCO laboratory and the creations of tetrahydrogestrinone, which are known to be antimicrobial agents, apparently rich. In order to qualify the drug as soon as possible to the group of masking agents, the presence of anabolic drugs in the laboratory is also not excluded.
Other masking agents can use the industry to produce, for example Green Clean or Urine Luck. But for the sake of this fact, it’s not varto, the fact that their effectiveness is most often shown to be significantly lower than that declared by the virobniks. These preparations, which are created especially for elite athletes, will not appear in the mass variety, or it will become at that moment, if there is not enough corrosiveness in them.
Elite athletes, as a nation can be written, are already few. It is quite obvious that, be it a power, there is no waste of pennies for their training. Let's create a PDR that її secret program, within the framework of which Turinabol was created. And the axis of the most famous athletes, who also want to improve their results richly. Vlasne їm does not lack anything else, like victorious old methods, like they can still practice.
Doping test management
Perhaps the most recent way to bypass doping control is the most recent. Although at all the great sports forums for the procedure for submitting analyzes for doping, zhorst control is established, such athletes are allowed to replace the samples. For example, they can pump a “clean” slash from their sich mihur for an additional catheter. It is possible to replace it without delay in the laboratory, and here all possible ways can be won, starting with a bribe and ending with blackmail. On the right, you can reach the stolen samples, as it happened in 1984, the time of the Olympic Games.
Doping testing
This is another old way to cheat a doping test. For whom to finish, simply introduce third-party speech into the sample. It is easier for women to reach it - a few days do not carry out hygienic procedures. Tse to bring up to the boisterous growth of various bacteria in the intimate places, as if leaning against the sample, to cover the big picture. It is easier for the results to report that the athlete took AAS.
Given the lack of a hundred hundred guarantees that deception will be successful, even if it is necessary to obtain a necessary result, so that a sufficient number of bacteria will appear in the sect. So, as a person’s organs and organs are roztashovanі zvnі, it’s impossible to deliver bacteria to the crossroads by a natural path. To solve the problem, vikoristovuєtsya zvichayna olіya. Suffice it to bet a little bit of speech, so that the sample appeared to be zipped.
Accelerated processes for the utilization of metabolites of steroids
In doping laboratories, the work is constantly being carried out to improve the terms for the introduction of imported drugs. I don’t understand, like a preparation, which vikoristovuvsya rіk chi two to that, the building vplinut on the current results, but such a camp of speeches. It is quite obvious that athletes try to cheat directly on the task of introducing the metabolism of doping in the shortest possible terms.
Here you can guess what injectable AAS accumulate in adipose tissues and gradually reach the bloodstream. It is not easy to understand that the active components of doping are found in the fat depot, their metabolism will be present in the section. It is worth witnessing that the term for the introduction, for example, of testosterone enanthate, is great. If you talk about nandrolone, then it’s hard to finish everything with a cym drug.
To speed up the process of removing AAS metabolites from the body, it is necessary to take fat. Vlasne in bodybuilding, all athletes attach special respect to their nutrition in front of the magicians. All of you know about drying. And the axis in other sports is not so shy for nothing. Periodically inspecting spas (saunas), rozvantazhuvalny days and navіt fasting building speed up the term for doping in the body.
With AAS tableting, the situation is different. Their active components do not accumulate in adipose tissues and the theory of metabolism can deplete the body after a few days from the time of administration. Ale rіch in that steroids are bound by two protein slabs - albumin and globulin. As a result, the next anabolic variance can be detected in the body until the moment when these protein structures will not be updated again. For whom you need close to 35 days.
The last term can be boldly stated that the metabolites of tableted AAS are not detected in the body. Zavdyaki zastosuvannya spetsialnyh preparativ and methods, we'll talk about them, the meaning of the other terms can be changed. However, there are two faults of the third rule - noretardrolone and stanozolol. However, the first preparation is quite difficult to find, and infrequently beats. And axis z with stanozolol can really blame serious problems. It is important to note how doping laboratories manage to know the follow-up of oral AAS in two months from the moment of completion of yoga intake. Chantly the stink of secret knowledge, as if they are guarded against third parties.
Short-line fasting
Speech is released in the form of a drug, as well as one of the ingredients of corvalol, pentalgin and valocordin. Dekilka rokіv to that phenobarbital buv dosit popular snodіynym, but today for these purposes it is practically not victorious. When looking at how to bypass doping control when preparing to improve, phenobarbital corisny thym, which activates the liver monooxygenase system.
As a result, the processes of oxidization of steroid blood vessels will speed up. To strengthen this drug, burstinic acid is often vicarious. It is significant that phenobarbital is included in the list of intake drugs, but its metabolites are quickly disposed of.
Today, we have looked at just a few ways to bypass doping control during the training to the point. You should remember that the current methods cannot give a 100% guarantee of successful doping testing.
See below for more details on violating the anti-doping rules:
Before doping control can be passed as professionals, as well as juniors, veterans, engravers on disabled visas.
The procedure for conducting doping control clear appointments by the All-World Anti-Doping Agency ( WADA) and the International Standard for Doping Control ( ISDC): "Testing" ( testing).
Selection for testing can be carried out as a half hour, as well as the post-mortem period.
Doping control may include the delivery of either cross section, blood samples, or cross section, and blood. In the rest of the fall, the athlete himself virishuє z why almost. note of the author ‒ Sounds are guided by the readiness of the test section).
PROCEDURE FOR URINE SAMPLE FOR DOPING TEST
1. Light position
To speed up the process of giving the sample, the athlete is allowed to drink water, so that he can be at the screening area of the Doping Control Station. I should have changed my mind, that I didn’t drink earlier. At the same time, it is not possible to victorious on the basis of proponing by third-party persons.
Doping Control Inspector ( Doping Control Officer) (nadali "inspector") or a person was upgraded ( Chaperone) the anti-doping service specifically informs the athlete who has been selected for doping control, when the goiter inspector presents his/her acknowledgment to the "doping control inspector" that document, which confirms him/her for the test. Then we will inform you about the rights and obligations of the athlete, ask him to sign in the Doping Control Protocol (on the 1st side) for confirmation and pass the test. Why should the athlete be escorted to the Doping Control Station. Vіdmova vіd zadachі probі can be recognized as violating the anti-doping rules and can lead to disqualification for a line for 2 years. The athlete may have the right to accompany yoga by a representative and relay (if necessary) ( author's note ‒ Incompletely I recommend obov'yazkovo to the mother of my representative). At the doping control point, it is necessary to appear immediately after the confirmation, and before that, the athlete is not allowed to take a shower and toilet.
Ale with whom it is allowed:
- see the ceremony of awarding (like an athlete goiter from her to take part);
- hold a press conference;
- vikonati have the right to relax, or take a Krizhan bath;
- undergo a medical examination and take the necessary medical assistance (if necessary);
- take a part in the post-match team selection from the roaring team (from the team zmagannyah);
- dress up in a playful uniform;
- know your representative that (translation);
- complete the training (at the time of post-magical testing);
- take a consecration of an individual;
- be-yakі іnshі vinyatkovі furnish for the obviousness of sufficient binding and obov'yazkovy documentary confirmation.
However, the trivality of the line cannot be overwhelmed by the moment of resurrection.
At the point of doping control, the athlete has the right to choose one from three packed containers. Vіn is guilty of pervіrit tsіlіsnіst of packaging and after what її rozdrukuvat. The athlete is guilty of perekonatisya at the cleanliness of the internal part of the container.
The container is a transparent plastic bottle with a lid. Graduated up to 180 ml on the vial. Podіl 90 ml vіdmіcheno vіdmіtkoy.
4. Section selection procedure
Sampling is carried out at a specially appointed receptionist (sound at the toilet). Athlete's representative is not allowed to be admitted. Under the hour of the procedure for the selection of the section, the athlete is guilty of being in the field of inspection of the inspector, who can be one of the athletes. As an inspector of another position, it is allowed to receive a sample selection certificate. Sob іnspektor (information) instantly poserіgati for the process of setting up the battle, the athlete of goiter stripped the body from the waist to the middle of the quilt and pumped up the sleeves of the shirt to the elbow.
Tsya procedure may have an athlete viklikati razdratuvannya, tk. it is necessary to avoid possible manipulations.
Vіdbіr sechi zdіysnyuєtsya at the flask from graduation. The minimum sample volume is 90 ml. In the event that the building test is insufficient, the athlete will have to take an additional test (the docks will not reach the established obligation).
In certain situations, the inspector may ask the athlete to give a larger amount of samples - up to 120 ml. It is necessary, as it is necessary, around the deepest investigations, to do additional re-verification on the basis of specific fences of speech (when you enter the anti-doping service, you will receive information from other sources).
The athlete’s sample, given in an insufficient case, is poured by the athlete into an additional container (jar), tightly closed with a lid, which closes, and is sealed with a special self-adhesive smug, on which the athlete and inspector are signed. The athlete, until ready to complete the selection procedure, may change at the screening area to the Doping Control Station.
5. Choose a kit for filling, saving and identifying doping samples
The goiter inspector should order the athlete not less than three sealed individual kits and choose one. If an athlete or a representative is not in the state of packaging (a cardboard box or a foam container), you may have the right to replace the kit.
If a set of vibrations, the athlete chi yogo representative is guilty:
- unpacking yogo ta vitiagti two bottles of marquevanniam " A(red or orange label) that " At"(blue label);
- check the identity of the 7-digit identification numbers on the bottles and caps, as well as on the boxes, approved for transportation;
- take the packaging from the necks of the bottles, the red rings are safe and the caps that are twisted;
- perekonatisya at the purity of the vials.
The sportsman independently wiggles his flask with his head at the flask. At"in a volume of not less than 30 ml (to the lower edge of the blue label), and then not less than 60 ml for the bottle" A”(To the bottom edge of the red label). The surplus of the cross section at the victorious clerk is checked by the inspector for an express test.
The inspector conducts an express test of the water-thickness (pitoma vaga) section for the auxiliary indicator or refractometer. The thickness of the fault is not less than 1.01 with a vicarious indicator husband, and not less than 1.005 with a vicarious refractometer.
If the cross section does not meet the necessary standards, the athlete is obliged to store repeated samples of doti, the docks will not reach the necessary requirements ( note of the author ‒ It is important for him, so that before the building, try not to drink too much rich water. Accept no more than 1.5 l).
Qiu diyu vykonuє athlete is special. For this, it is necessary (red rings from the necks of the bottles of guilt) to put a cork on the skin of the bottle and wrap it up to the stop, do not click on the docks. Try the filling.
The athlete is guilty of perekonatisya, that the vials are corked hermetically and cannot be opened ( note of the author ‒ It is possible to cork the vials without damaging their integrity with the help of a special facility, like only in the laboratory).
The inspector is also guilty of perekonatisya, scho vials closed properly and do not leak when thrown.
The inspector enters before the protocol for doping control (shall “protocol”):
- sampling date;
- numbers on vials;
- obsyag break that schіlnіst sichі;
- kind of sport (sports discipline);
- athlete's log;
- medical preparations (appointed by a doctor and taken independently), food additives and whether or not other substances, like an athlete living for the rest of 7 days.
It remains to be entered in honor of the athlete and for his voluntary good ( For example, Alex Bogomolov at the "Australian Open-2005" at the protocol, stating that he won an inhaler, which he attributed to him as an asthma drug. In this drug preparation, salbutamol intake was not observed, which was a manifestation in laboratory studies. The anti-doping tribunal disqualified Bogomolov for 1.5 months. Yakby didn’t get any notice, I was threatened with 2-fold disqualification).
In addition, if the athlete may have allowed the therapeutic intake of the taken substances, it is necessary to present it to the inspector and record it in the protocol.
After the completion of the protocol by the inspector, the athlete and representative is guilty of reconciliation in that the information was entered completely and accurately (on 5 sides), when the code number on the packaging in the protocol was clearly indicated.
(Author's note ‒ If samples of cross sections and blood are taken, then the stench is recorded in one protocol).
If an athlete can make any claims or comments about the procedure, the wine can be indicated in the protocol. If comments are not kept at the protocol, the inspector is guilty of giving the athlete an additional protocol.
The protocol is signed:
- athlete;
- representative of the athlete (like such a buv)
- vodka vydbor prost sechі (like so zaluchavsya)
- doping control inspector.
(Author's note ‒ An athlete, signing a protocol, gives a year to conduct laboratory tests).
A copy of the protocol for doping control is given to the athlete, as he is guilty of taking 6 tests.
The second copy (page 6 of the Protocol), if not designated as an athlete, is packed in one vial to be sent to the center (laboratory) accredited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Follow-up is carried out from the section, which is located at the bottle " A". As in the first sample, a follow-up of taken preparations was revealed, after which they give another sample from the vial. B».
An athlete can be disqualified more than once, as the results of the first test are confirmed by another. However, in another sample, there were no traces of the presence of the taken preparations, the athlete will not be subject to annual sanctions, but they can conduct a repeated doping control at any time.
The procedure for taking a blood sample follows practically the same rules as when choosing a blood sample, taking a blood sample is qualified by a phlebotomist or prepared by an inspector for blood sampling.
Call the blood collection procedure as follows:
1. Ask the athlete to take a relaxed position for one hour (sound 5-10 wheezing). If a blood sample is taken for a biological passport, the athlete is required to spend at least 2 years before this.
2. It is your responsibility to order to choose no less than the following from three sets:
- collection of possessions, which is necessary for taking a blood sample: a syringe, a sterile needle, two special vacuum test tubes with a red and blue number (by analogy with a sample of a wash);
- collection for safe collection and transportation of samples: a container without identification marks, sticky labels and two sealed plastic bags.
(note of the author ‒ As a rule, it is necessary to reconsider the possession, in order to perekonatisya in something that was purer, it was not poshkodzhen).
4.
Blood Control Officer) designate the most suitable place for blood sampling (sound on the hands that do not dominate), apply a tourniquet and disinfect the shkir in the place of puncture.
(note of the author ‒ As an athlete, he is smart before spending his certificate when taking blood, he is recommended to wear a concomitant disguise).
The required blood volume is 13 ml (approximately 3 teaspoons). What's enough, just fill in two test tubes.
The athlete is not to blame for the work of the daily energy surges from the hand, for which they took blood for a stretch of 30 minutes after the blood sample was taken.
If the inspector is not able to collect blood samples after three samples of the introduction of the head, then the collection of blood samples may be considered.
5. The athlete is liable to open containers and, until the recommendation of the inspector, put in them test tubes of clear blood. Containers spin until they click, which allows them to be unsanctioned.
6. The inspector enters the correct code numbers of the test tubes in the Protocol for doping control and to carry out its registration, as it was transferred when passing the test section (p. 9). After which athlete signs the protocol.
7. The skins from the containers are packed in airtight bags, one of which contains a side 6 to the Protocol with the code numbers of the blood sample, date the time of blood sampling, type of sport, athlete’s status, as it is designated, by the transfer of drug tests, as if the athlete took the rest of the 7 days (without statement of the name and title of the athlete). Bags of blood samples are placed in a cooled box and sent to the center (laboratory) accredited by WADA.
additional information
If an athlete is not a full-time athlete or has limited physical abilities, the procedures described above may be changed. About change the athlete can be specified in the inspector.
Positive results should be brought to the attention of the athlete and not voiced out loud. If an athlete is not fit because of the result, the same laboratory repeats the results, but even for a penny (and the stink is not small).
According to the international standard, 10 working days are allowed for the analysis. At the great tournaments, for example, the Great Sholoma, the Olympic Games, the ATP and WTA sub-bag tournaments, this term is 24 years for samples, which showed a negative result, 48 years for samples, they were waiting for additional follow-up (if the screening result showed a clear fence onenoї substance) , that 72 years for folded views of analysis - such as erythropoietin or testosterone.
P.S. So like athletes, like all people who are not insured against illnesses and injuries, then due to the need for therapeutic treatment with pharmaceutical measures, in order to avenge the contaminated substances, it is necessary to delay (not later than 30 days) submit a science-based application to ID TM (International Doping Tests & Management ) on specific faces. For your IDTM mindset, you can let it go.
It is necessary to reconsider, in order to remove the food additives and the words of the fenced speech, it is necessary to fill in the special form “Information about the product. Ask" and send to IDTM in one of the following ways:
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Surprising at the problem of doping, not only athletes, but chemists, as they work in the Anti-Doping Centers.
The world has a great number of anti-doping tests, moreover, it’s not less than an hour, but there are some between them. How to take samples from athletes and what problems do chemists face?
FSUE “Anti-Doping Center” analyzes about 15,000 cross-sectional samples and about 4,000 blood samples per test. Most of the speeches from the list of taken preparations are determined by themselves in the samples of the section. In the meantime, for the remaining ten years of the past, more often take blood tests, only small amounts of blood can be taken so that they could give an athlete a blood transfusion, and also determine the level of hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte concentration and other parameters, such as the transfer program. Athlete's biological passport.
Growth hormone, as you can see, erythropoietin and insulin also signify exclusively in blood serosa. Today, the anti-doping laboratories conduct investigations, in order to demonstrate that a blood test can be useful and, in a new way, everything can be determined. And yet, blood shards are still more foldable (for the selection, fakhіvets іz medical illuminance is needed), and a lot of methods will be developed anew, singly and applied anti-doping control will be the main rank of foundations for the analysis of sample sections.
Problems in chemists, as they work in doping control, dosit rich. For the remaining ten years, the list of ingested preparations has been expanded, new ingested classes have appeared, the designation of which happened to expand and improve the methods of analysis. It was understood that it would require pennies and especially high qualifications for laboratory personnel.
Vzagali system pratsyuє offensive rank:
Є anti-doping laboratories, how to analyze samples, who enter them, and є national and international anti-doping organizations, how to plan and take qi samples from athletes, moreover, like a pid hour, so a posture of magic. So that the doping control inspectors could take a sample, the athletes of the international level for a few months in advance give information about their health status (on a skin day!). The list of speeches that were taken during the post-mortem period may be half as long, but in the end, doping control may be taken without interruption. The result of the analysis of the laboratory should be strengthened to anti-doping organizations, so as to break down the signs of the disease and the investigation of the damage. The laboratory is less likely to show the presence (or the presence) in the samples of athletes in the intake of substances and the saliva in the athletes does not.
How can you name such a great number of the most intriguing speeches? What are the new ways for whom to propagate chemists?
It's really not easy. It is ten years since the list of collected cats is about two times shorter, more anti-doping laboratories have added practices: the dermal class of speeches is an okrema line of analysis. In other words, stimulants, narcotics, anabolic steroids, diuretics, beta-blockers, corticosteroids, etc. Through the great number of lines of analysis, it was impossible to quickly trace the richness of the sights. To evoke small concentrations of speeches, samples had to be concentrated. In the main laboratory, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry was discontinued. For the purpose of identifying the speeches in nano-volumes, mass-spectrometry of a high density (magnetic sector analyzers) was used, and the complexity of the operation was similar.
At that moment, the laboratories simply choked, the shards of the anti-doping service, protesting as many athletes as possible, forced more and more samples. Today, in laboratories, there are systems that increase the efficiency of the chromatographic field (gas and gas chromatography) and mass-spectrometric detection. Tse ranks of triple quadrupole mas-analyzers (triple quads). New fittings with high sensitivity and reliability signify what is in the butt of speech, what to call us. In a first way, it allows you to take a smaller amount of samples (even before you can dilute it with water in a sprat and without intermediary put it into an accessory, as we are talking about native chromatography), but in a different way, a larger number of cases, which I sign go for one analysis. In this way, the beginnings of the current possession of the methodology became simple and universal, and significantly increased the productivity of anti-doping laboratories.
A common chromatograph with an optional mass spectrometer with an orbital ionic paste (floor variant, THERMO picker)
At the same time, methods for sample preparation were developed. Even though earlier they won more importantly the native-radin extraction, as it is practically impossible to automate, then at the same time more and more often zastosovuyut solid-phase, including the option, when the sorbent with the necessary power is applied to the surface of magnetic microparticles. It is already possible to manipulate with such particles manually - to add a suspension to the doslidzhuvaniya zrazok, and zadnannya, which are themselves adsorbed on their surfaces. Then we place a test tube in a magnetic field, like fixing particles on the day, and wiggle the excess of the test. After that, the microparticles should be washed to remove the unsightly components, and the necessary parts should be washed with a small amount of organic retailer - and everything is ready for analysis.
Gas chromatograph with optional triple quadrupole mass analyzer (thermo vibrator)
The procedure for sample preparation is not only simple, but can be easily automated. Tse own kind of nanotechnology in chemical analysis, and call vikoristovuyut for the search for the search for blood or speech peptide nature, for example, synthetic analogues of insulin. At the same time, chemists z'yasovut, chi can zastosovuvat tsey sposіb sche y for the removal of low molecular weight compounds. It's a pity, the method of dosing is expensive, so don't start it and not in all laboratories.
Hourly mass spectrometer, which can be combined with both conventional and gas chromatographs (WATERS vibrator)
Vzagali, anti-doping control of orientations of assignment tasks. When analyzing, you only need to take a few samples of preparations, on the basis of further adjustments your chromato-mass spectrometer, and the information about the sample is used. Given the list of fenced speeches in rich divisions, there are formulas: “... and other speeches with similar everyday power” or “whether or not speeches that are at the stage of clinical trials and are not admitted to official victoria". In order to analyze the sample more than once, like other words, without repeating your sample preparation, it is necessary to use instrumental methods, as they take all the information about the sample. Such accessories: tse clock-running mass spectrometry or mass spectrometry, which is based on the principle of orbital ionic paste. They register all the data (no less than a task) with a high distribution of buildings, but when working with such accessories, they also have their own foldedness. Regardless of the road, they have already reached the practice of laboratories - for example, in Moscow we have a few pieces of orbital ionic pastes (they are called “Orbitrap”).
How quickly to try one analysis? Why should any athlete be disqualified after having already won a medal?
Based on the international standard, 10 working days are allowed for analysis. At the great sports runs, for example, the Olympic Games, this term is 24 years for samples, which showed a negative result, 48 years - for samples, yakі demanded additional follow-up (if the result of the screening showed the presence of a contaminated substance), that 72 years for a folding look in analysis . such as the use of erythropoietin or testosterone by the method of isotope mass spectrometry.
For the rest of the years, the practice of trivial (up to eight years) sampling appeared - so that it would be possible for the future, the world to have new sampling preparations and methods for their design, to conduct a second analysis. So Bulo, Zokrema, іz samples of Olimpіadi 2008 Rock: more than nіzh through the RIK PISLLA ї Zakinchennya, they were analized for Erytrophotin of the New Polinnya Mircera in the antidopian laboratory Lozananni, the result for the sort of athletes of the Buvas is non -refined.
If they began to reconsider the athletes and the intake of preparations? How many of them are on the list of the Olympiad of which year?
The first list of sampling preparations was published by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1963, the protest began less than five years later (1968) - at the winter Olympic Games near Grenoble and summer near Mexico City. The very history of anti-doping control began from the moment when it became technically possible to work similar analyzes of mass production to the active development of methods in chromatography and mass spectrometry.
First of all, the list of intake drugs included only stimulants, narcotic analgesics and anabolic steroids. Over the years, other classes of drugs have been added - diuretics, beta-blockers, beta2-agonists, drugs with anti-estrogenic activity, peptide hormones, and the number of drugs in the middle dermal class has also significantly increased.
None of the list of fenced preparations, which are looked at scrupulously, close to 200 half a century of different nature. It should be noted that a significant part (for example, maybe all anabolic steroids) when consumed in the body of a person is metabolized (modified), that often laboratories do not indicate the preparations themselves, but the products of their transformation in the body. It’s not easy to do the task - in order to win, you need to study the process of metabolism in detail, and then learn to identify the most long-lived metabolism. In fact, the current anti-doping analysis is based on analytical chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology.
The preparation of the anti-doping laboratory to the Olympic mountains is started long before them. Adzhe until the necessary moment, it is already the mother’s fault for her ordering of all available methods and techniques, including those that have not yet advanced to everyday practice.
The world has not so many officially accredited IOC laboratories, the results of which wines are known. Ale, with whom, singly, in the skin region and other laboratories, as a way to control their athletes and, without a trace, can get ahead of them, showing like a fenced speech.
Prote scandals traplyayutsya. What is the problem? Do athletes in equal qualifications have that level of equipment of accredited laboratories, which signify lower concentrations and a greater range of speech?
Carry out testing of athletes may have the right to a laboratory, which may be accredited by the All-World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). There are 33 such laboratories in the world, and in Russia - only one - FSUE "Anti-Doping Center" (WADA assigned the center's activity on November 10, 2015). International sports organizations categorically sue athletes for the use of imported drugs, but also data, which are in the lower countries and laboratories, which are not officially practiced. I realized that the stench may have access to new methods for testing contaminated substances. So it's absolutely right: accredited laboratories can have more and better equipment, it's important to fool them.
However, 33 laboratories should differ in their equipment - they won’t lie in the same financial support on the side of the state. In addition, one cannot but lie that the workers of the laboratory have taken away accreditation for more than a few years, and others have already established thirty years. Therefore, all laboratories formally agree with WADA, but not all are good. In addition, only one or two laboratories in the world can use these methods. Therefore, doping scandals are overwhelmed by an invisible part of today's sport.
If you marvel at the dynamics, then why does the skin Olympics fix more or less disqualify athletes through doping? What is the trend?
Shvidshe for everything, we already went through the maximum. In the world, the possession of methods of chemical analysis from the Olympics to the Olympics showed more victorious violations of the anti-doping code. It is important that the apogee was reached in 2004. Now the situation is changing to a better one, as evidence of the athletes, so the organizers of the 2016 Olympiad are inspired by the “pure” game.
Prote is not so simple with our Anti-Doping Center: On November 10, 2015, the Global Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) sounded the robot of the Moscow Anti-Doping Laboratory, after which Grigory Rodchenkov filed a resignation, which was accepted by the Ministry of Sports. Following WADA commissions, Rodchenkov accused 1417 doping tests three days before the retest. The late Minister of Sports Vitaliy Mutko said that the re-testing of the Moscow Anti-Doping Laboratory may be like two thousand five hundred years or two thousand and sixteen years on the cob. The order of the Russian Federation reorganizes the anti-doping center in Moscow by the federal budget, the establishment of the founder of the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation. The main method of activity is to establish the anti-doping security of the sports teams of the Russian Federation.
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Dzherelo Information: "Khizh" (2012)
The doping test of bobsledder Nadia Sergєєvoya gave a positive result for trimetazidine, a cardiac metabolic stimulant similar to meldonium. Rosyanka showed the 12th result at the Olympic Games near Pyeongchkhani in doubles. According to the previous version, without the knowledge of doctors of the Russian choice, Vauna took the drug. Narazі Sergєєviy threatens to annul the indications of the results.
- Bobsledder Nadiya Sergєeva (right-handed) and Anastasia Kocherzhova
- globallookpress.com
- Tobias Hase/dpa
About another doping incident with the participation of Russian athletes, it became known in the hockey pivfinal, in which Oleg Znarok beat the Czech team. The official confirmation was quick: bobsledder Nadiya Sergeeva gave a positive doping test for trimetazidine. About tse said the President of the Bobsleigh Federation of Russia Oleksandr Zubkov.
Nagadayemo, Nadiya Sergєva in a pair with Anastasia Kocherzhova sent the 12th place at the bobsleigh twins. The second Russian crew at the warehouse of Anastasia Rodionova and Yuliya Belomіsnyh became the 17th among 20 participants. Sergiev also took part in the Sochi Olympiad and sent on the 16th month. The best achievements of її kar'єri became the result of the European Championship of the past fate.
Earlier, Sergiev already opined at the center of a doping scandal. On the cob of 2016, one of the richest athletes won, and meldonium was detected in some doping tests. However, the concentration of speech was low, but the bobsledder was right and allowed to continue her career.
In the Olympic Committee of Russia, it is important that in this case the negligence of the athlete herself is small.
"Vypadok with the Russian bobsledder Nadiya Sergєva, a doping test that gave a positive result for the fenced speech at the Olympic Games near Pyeongchkhani, to talk about the singing step of the athlete's non-balance," - said the head of the Russian delegation on І Count Stanislav Pozdnyakov.
To the thought of the vice-president of the DKR with such attitudes.
“We can’t wait for the federation, the stinks of the stink work with the athletes, the stink of living with them and miraculously accommodating. Possibly, in a different situation, it would not have become such a thick fall, as if not the Olympic Games, and the current status of our delegation here, ”adding Pozdnyakov.
Having also stated that the doping scandal does not change the merits of athletes, they honestly choose medals.
For deakim tribute, Sergєva maє problems from the heart. The sportswoman's mother, who is a practicing cardiologist, gave her a set of likings to make it easier for the Olympiad. Before this warehouse, a drug is included in the warehouse, a drug that can be taken into sports speech.
Trimetazidine for injections for zastosuvannya on zmagannya s 1 sichnya 2014 year. RUSADA gave respect to athletes, coaches and doctors for the fact that trimetazidine, inclusions up to the class of stimulants, and transitions to the newly created subclass, shards for their pharmacological effects can be qualified as a modulator of cardiometabolism.
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“Change the presence of speech in the blood was stupid”: a lawyer calling Vіdmova Krushelnytskyi’s words of hearing as true, ask CASThe decision of the Russian curling player Oleksandr Krushelnytskyi was heard by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) is absolutely true...
The drug is allowed to be used less in that mood, as it is framed therapeutically. Behind its effect, trimetazidine is similar to meldonium. Three of the leading athletes for yoga zastosuvannya was punished by the athlete Kseniya Rizhova - she took away a nine-thousandth disqualification. Also, the Swedish ZMI reported that the drug was taken by the lizhnik Maxim Vilegzhanin, but the information was not confirmed.
Now Sergєva can either analyze the B sample, or immediately proceed to the hearing with the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), which can automatically look to the right after the positive doping test is announced. For the tribute of RT, the athlete at once perebovaya at the downtrodden camp and will be embarrassed to find fault with the broken anti-doping rules, and her result at the Olympics will be annulled.
Earlier it happened to the Russian curling player Oleksandr Krushelnytsky. Meldonium was detected in the organism of the bronze medalist Igor in Phonchkhani. Vіn waited for tim, scho little misuse of the rule violation, and advised to protect yourself in court, but after taking the drug, it was noted. Krushelnitsky together with the squad and partner behind the team of Anastasia Brizgalova turned bronze medals, as on the 24th of February they will be awarded to Norwegian curlers.
At the Olympiad, Pivdenny Korea has already had its fourth doping scandal. Japanese short tracker
Many kinds of sports today are dominated by doping: athletics, skiing races are the butt of this. Few athletes were spared medals and titles, if third-party speeches appeared in their organism, which would help in achieving the maximum result on the marks. From the drive of vikoristannya in the minds of doping, there was a lot, and there will be impersonal nutrition and scientific sumnivivs. Vlasne varto rose, what is doping, for what it is to stop and what it is to bring.
Science understand
Doping - all natural, synthetic and narcotic speeches, building improvements to the athlete's body. Also, if they understand, they toil on the uvazі of speech, yakі can stimulate the synthesis of proteins after the m'yazovu masu zovnіshnoї force. Varto once to say that for an hour to help the athletes it is fenced to take some medical advice.
First victoria
The history of these preparations is dated approximately on the cob of the XX century. Doping in sports began to zastosovuvat American top horses and trainers of horses, like a pidshkirno introduced the creatures of the necessary speech.
The first vіdomostі shkodo vykoristannya doping z'appeared since 1903. From that very hour, the racing society began its struggle against the cessation of any additional speeches. Come out, at that moment the doping control was established. Only a handful of wines are not as active as they are today.
See that group of doping additives
Naturally, songs of speech are poured into the body of a person. Some medicinal products are pain-relieving, which also improve the physical performance of an athlete, increase strength, vibrancy. In addition, doping is not only a stimulator of human abilities, but also a helper in training. Vihodyachi s tsikh sign of doping in sports began to join the sing groups.
Defended to victoriousness, like a period of zmagan, so and for an hour of training, so see the doping:
- Anabolic steroids. Among the people of this speech, the name of anabolics was removed. Surely, rich people know that in sports testosterone can be of great importance in terms of the required results. Anabolic steroids help in the growth of the m'yazovoi mass, the acquired protein and the development of the human body. Ale їhnya hormonal nature is given signs. These preparations are applied to the body of a person, as they take, androgenic effect.
- Peptide hormones (chi, how to name them, peptidi), officials of growth. Insulin and erythropoietin are known to be used by sportsmen for speeches, shards help them to improve the growth of the ulcer and change the fat ball (growth hormone), as well as to increase the production of erythrocytes (erythropoietin).
- Sechoginnі speech. The scientific name of these drugs is diuretics. Іsnuyut three main reasons why sports stop. In a way, tse shvidke change the vaga of the people. In a different way, on the body of an athlete with a handsome, mean-looking look. Thirdly, diuretics help induce the body to take other additional preparations, and in such a way to take the implantation of the fenced speeches.
- Beta-2 agonist. The stinks promote the m'yaziv, scatter their inspiration, indulge in the m'yazovoy mass with a century.
Preparations, fenced for less than an hour without intermediary damage:
- Narcotic painkillers (for example, methadone, morphine, fentanyl). The name itself is to talk about those who stop talking in order to change sensitivity to painful feelings.
- Stimulant speeches. Nasampered preparati tsієї grupi dіyut on the central nervous system. Varto immediately indicates one important fact: a lot of stimulants enter the warehouse of anti-cold and anti-rus drugs. Vihodyachi zgogo, an athlete before living, it would have been better to just read the warehouse. If the preparation does not include the fence, then it is possible to beat it up for the first hour of jubilation.
- Glucocorticosteroid. Athletes zastosovuyut їх, shchob vіdchuti surge of strength and change bіl.
The fight against doping additives
As it was said before, there is an active fight against various drugs that help increase athletic ability. Doping - ce nebezpeka deprive the sport for a short hour, and then forever. Adzhe is practical on the skin zmagannyah fakhіvtsі reversing the athletes on the presence in the blood of the fenced speeches. Winners are reconsidered for sure, and decided - for choice.
If in the body of an athlete it was found that the preparations were taken, then the disqualification of the person for the song hour will be considered. Forward - for 2 years, and with repeated admission of pardon - for 4 years and again.
Sports fans repeatedly chul about scandals, the reason for which was the introduction of fenced speeches. Torik they have repeatedly zasvіtivsya biathlon. Doping was stopped by athletes of the Russian national team, for which they were disqualified.
Shkidlivy injection on the athlete's body
Visnovok
Concluding the discussion on the stagnation of doping speeches, let me say a few words about those that in the last hour there has been a trend towards a change in their healthy approach to sports to doping control, various anti-doping programs and preventive measures tics. A lot of people in the world of sports say "Hi" to doping. Take, for example, guessing more biathlon. Doping in this sport, according to the words of the President of the Union of Biathletes, will no longer be victorious.